Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective
Memories are lasting representations over time of associations between stimuli or events. In general, the relatively slow consolidation of memories requires protein synthesis with a known exception being the so-called Anesthesia Resistant Memory (ARM) in Drosophila. This protein synthesis-independen...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8527 |
| _version_ | 1797413636758568960 |
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| author | Anna Bourouliti Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis |
| author_facet | Anna Bourouliti Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis |
| author_sort | Anna Bourouliti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Memories are lasting representations over time of associations between stimuli or events. In general, the relatively slow consolidation of memories requires protein synthesis with a known exception being the so-called Anesthesia Resistant Memory (ARM) in Drosophila. This protein synthesis-independent memory type survives amnestic shocks after a short, sensitive window post training, and can also emerge after repeated cycles of training in a negatively reinforced olfactory conditioning task, without rest between cycles (massed conditioning—MC). We discussed operational and molecular mechanisms that mediate ARM and differentiate it from protein synthesis-dependent long-term memory (LTM) in Drosophila. Based on the notion that ARM is unlikely to specifically characterize Drosophila, we examined protein synthesis and MC-elicited memories in other species and based on intraspecies shared molecular components and proposed potential relationships of ARM with established memory types in Drosophila and vertebrates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:20:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-226e506bb7714b1fb0e33121776c1ca8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:20:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-226e506bb7714b1fb0e33121776c1ca82023-12-03T12:40:27ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-07-012315852710.3390/ijms23158527Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working PerspectiveAnna Bourouliti0Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis1Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 16674 Vari, GreeceInstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 16674 Vari, GreeceMemories are lasting representations over time of associations between stimuli or events. In general, the relatively slow consolidation of memories requires protein synthesis with a known exception being the so-called Anesthesia Resistant Memory (ARM) in Drosophila. This protein synthesis-independent memory type survives amnestic shocks after a short, sensitive window post training, and can also emerge after repeated cycles of training in a negatively reinforced olfactory conditioning task, without rest between cycles (massed conditioning—MC). We discussed operational and molecular mechanisms that mediate ARM and differentiate it from protein synthesis-dependent long-term memory (LTM) in Drosophila. Based on the notion that ARM is unlikely to specifically characterize Drosophila, we examined protein synthesis and MC-elicited memories in other species and based on intraspecies shared molecular components and proposed potential relationships of ARM with established memory types in Drosophila and vertebrates.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8527memoryaversive memoriesanesthesia resistant memorymassed conditioningcold shockDrosophila |
| spellingShingle | Anna Bourouliti Efthimios M. C. Skoulakis Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective International Journal of Molecular Sciences memory aversive memories anesthesia resistant memory massed conditioning cold shock Drosophila |
| title | Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective |
| title_full | Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective |
| title_short | Anesthesia Resistant Memories in Drosophila, a Working Perspective |
| title_sort | anesthesia resistant memories in drosophila a working perspective |
| topic | memory aversive memories anesthesia resistant memory massed conditioning cold shock Drosophila |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8527 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annabourouliti anesthesiaresistantmemoriesindrosophilaaworkingperspective AT efthimiosmcskoulakis anesthesiaresistantmemoriesindrosophilaaworkingperspective |