A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I
The real-time monitoring of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) such as pollen and fungal spores has received much attention in recent years as a result of their health and climatic effects. In this study, the Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS) 4+ model was evaluated for its abilit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/22/8747 |
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| author | Emma Markey Jerry Hourihane Clancy Moisés Martínez-Bracero Finnian Neeson Roland Sarda-Estève Dominique Baisnée Eoin J. McGillicuddy Gavin Sewell David J. O’Connor |
| author_facet | Emma Markey Jerry Hourihane Clancy Moisés Martínez-Bracero Finnian Neeson Roland Sarda-Estève Dominique Baisnée Eoin J. McGillicuddy Gavin Sewell David J. O’Connor |
| author_sort | Emma Markey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The real-time monitoring of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) such as pollen and fungal spores has received much attention in recent years as a result of their health and climatic effects. In this study, the Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS) 4+ model was evaluated for its ability to sample and detect ambient fungal spore and pollen concentrations, compared to the traditional Hirst volumetric method. Although the determination of total pollen and fungal spore ambient concentrations are of interest, the selective detection of individual pollen/fungal spore types are often of greater allergenic/agricultural concern. To aid in this endeavour, modifications were made to the WIBS-4 instrument to target chlorophyll fluorescence. Two additional fluorescence channels (FL4 and FL5 channels) were combined with the standard WIBS channels (FL1, FL2, FL3). The purpose of this modification is to help discriminate between grass and herb pollen from other pollen. The WIBS-4+ was able to successfully detect and differentiate between different bioaerosol classes. The addition of the FL4 and FL5 channels also allowed for the improved differentiation between tree (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8), herbaceous (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.6) and grass (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.4) pollen and fungal spores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8). Both grass and herbaceous pollen types showed a high correlation with D type particles, showing strong fluorescence in the FL4 channel. The additional fluorescent data that were introduced also improved clustering attempts, making k-means clustering a comparable solution for this high-resolution data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:00:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2276825a3c4f4c729060ca77a0b8790a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:00:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-2276825a3c4f4c729060ca77a0b8790a2023-11-24T09:55:05ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-11-012222874710.3390/s22228747A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part IEmma Markey0Jerry Hourihane Clancy1Moisés Martínez-Bracero2Finnian Neeson3Roland Sarda-Estève4Dominique Baisnée5Eoin J. McGillicuddy6Gavin Sewell7David J. O’Connor8School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, IrelandLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191 Saint-Aubin, FranceLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191 Saint-Aubin, FranceSchool of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, D07 H6K8 Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Technological University Dublin, D07 H6K8 Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, IrelandThe real-time monitoring of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) such as pollen and fungal spores has received much attention in recent years as a result of their health and climatic effects. In this study, the Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS) 4+ model was evaluated for its ability to sample and detect ambient fungal spore and pollen concentrations, compared to the traditional Hirst volumetric method. Although the determination of total pollen and fungal spore ambient concentrations are of interest, the selective detection of individual pollen/fungal spore types are often of greater allergenic/agricultural concern. To aid in this endeavour, modifications were made to the WIBS-4 instrument to target chlorophyll fluorescence. Two additional fluorescence channels (FL4 and FL5 channels) were combined with the standard WIBS channels (FL1, FL2, FL3). The purpose of this modification is to help discriminate between grass and herb pollen from other pollen. The WIBS-4+ was able to successfully detect and differentiate between different bioaerosol classes. The addition of the FL4 and FL5 channels also allowed for the improved differentiation between tree (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8), herbaceous (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.6) and grass (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.4) pollen and fungal spores (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.8). Both grass and herbaceous pollen types showed a high correlation with D type particles, showing strong fluorescence in the FL4 channel. The additional fluorescent data that were introduced also improved clustering attempts, making k-means clustering a comparable solution for this high-resolution data.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/22/8747real-timesporepollen |
| spellingShingle | Emma Markey Jerry Hourihane Clancy Moisés Martínez-Bracero Finnian Neeson Roland Sarda-Estève Dominique Baisnée Eoin J. McGillicuddy Gavin Sewell David J. O’Connor A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I Sensors real-time spore pollen |
| title | A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I |
| title_full | A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I |
| title_fullStr | A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I |
| title_short | A Modified Spectroscopic Approach for the Real-Time Detection of Pollen and Fungal Spores at a Semi-Urban Site Using the WIBS-4+, Part I |
| title_sort | modified spectroscopic approach for the real time detection of pollen and fungal spores at a semi urban site using the wibs 4 part i |
| topic | real-time spore pollen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/22/8747 |
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