Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses
Spatiotemporal separation of cellular components is vital to ensure biochemical processes. Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and nuclei play a major role in isolating intracellular components, while membraneless organelles (MLOs) are accumulatively uncovered via liquid-liquid phase sepa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162211/full |
| _version_ | 1827949920940720128 |
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| author | Shuai Yang Shuai Yang Weishan Shen Jiajia Hu Sihui Cai Chenqiu Zhang Shouheng Jin Xiangdong Guan Jianfeng Wu Yaoxing Wu Yaoxing Wu Jun Cui Jun Cui |
| author_facet | Shuai Yang Shuai Yang Weishan Shen Jiajia Hu Sihui Cai Chenqiu Zhang Shouheng Jin Xiangdong Guan Jianfeng Wu Yaoxing Wu Yaoxing Wu Jun Cui Jun Cui |
| author_sort | Shuai Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spatiotemporal separation of cellular components is vital to ensure biochemical processes. Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and nuclei play a major role in isolating intracellular components, while membraneless organelles (MLOs) are accumulatively uncovered via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to mediate cellular spatiotemporal organization. MLOs orchestrate various key cellular processes, including protein localization, supramolecular assembly, gene expression, and signal transduction. During viral infection, LLPS not only participates in viral replication but also contributes to host antiviral immune responses. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of LLPS in virus infection may open up new avenues for treating viral infectious diseases. In this review, we focus on the antiviral defense mechanisms of LLPS in innate immunity and discuss the involvement of LLPS during viral replication and immune evasion escape, as well as the strategy of targeting LLPS to treat viral infectious diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:18:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-227b383eaefe45d4a69d1c12fe669141 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T13:18:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-227b383eaefe45d4a69d1c12fe6691412023-05-11T11:23:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-05-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11622111162211Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responsesShuai Yang0Shuai Yang1Weishan Shen2Jiajia Hu3Sihui Cai4Chenqiu Zhang5Shouheng Jin6Xiangdong Guan7Jianfeng Wu8Yaoxing Wu9Yaoxing Wu10Jun Cui11Jun Cui12The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, ChinaMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSpatiotemporal separation of cellular components is vital to ensure biochemical processes. Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and nuclei play a major role in isolating intracellular components, while membraneless organelles (MLOs) are accumulatively uncovered via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to mediate cellular spatiotemporal organization. MLOs orchestrate various key cellular processes, including protein localization, supramolecular assembly, gene expression, and signal transduction. During viral infection, LLPS not only participates in viral replication but also contributes to host antiviral immune responses. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of LLPS in virus infection may open up new avenues for treating viral infectious diseases. In this review, we focus on the antiviral defense mechanisms of LLPS in innate immunity and discuss the involvement of LLPS during viral replication and immune evasion escape, as well as the strategy of targeting LLPS to treat viral infectious diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162211/fullLLPSvirus replicaitoninnate immunityimmune evasionViral infection disease |
| spellingShingle | Shuai Yang Shuai Yang Weishan Shen Jiajia Hu Sihui Cai Chenqiu Zhang Shouheng Jin Xiangdong Guan Jianfeng Wu Yaoxing Wu Yaoxing Wu Jun Cui Jun Cui Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses Frontiers in Immunology LLPS virus replicaiton innate immunity immune evasion Viral infection disease |
| title | Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| title_full | Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| title_fullStr | Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| title_short | Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid-liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| title_sort | molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of liquid liquid phase separation during antiviral immune responses |
| topic | LLPS virus replicaiton innate immunity immune evasion Viral infection disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162211/full |
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