Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model
Ochratoxin A (OTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intake can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Polyphenolic chrysin (CHR) and luteolin (LUT) display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Porcine intestinal epithelial (jejunal) IPEC-J2 cells were treated with OTA (1 µM, 5 µM and 20 µM), <i&g...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2747 |
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| author | Annelie Wohlert Nikolett Palkovicsné Pézsa Alma Virág Móritz Ákos Jerzsele Orsolya Farkas Erzsébet Pászti-Gere |
| author_facet | Annelie Wohlert Nikolett Palkovicsné Pézsa Alma Virág Móritz Ákos Jerzsele Orsolya Farkas Erzsébet Pászti-Gere |
| author_sort | Annelie Wohlert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ochratoxin A (OTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intake can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Polyphenolic chrysin (CHR) and luteolin (LUT) display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Porcine intestinal epithelial (jejunal) IPEC-J2 cells were treated with OTA (1 µM, 5 µM and 20 µM), <i>E. coli</i> LPS (10 µg/mL), CHR (1 µM) and LUT (8.7 µM) alone and in their combinations. Cell viabilities (MTS assay) and extracellular (EC) hydrogen-peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production (Amplex red method) were evaluated. Intracellular (IC) reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using a 2′-7′dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) procedure. ELISA assay was used to evaluate IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. OTA decreased cell viabilities (<i>p <</i> 0.001) which could not be alleviated by LUT or CHR (<i>p ></i> 0.05); however, EC H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production was successfully suppressed by LUT in IPEC-J2 cells (<i>p <</i> 0.001). OTA with LPS elevated the IC ROS which was counteracted by CHR and LUT (<i>p <</i> 0.001). IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was elevated by LPS + OTA (<i>p <</i> 0.001) which could be inhibited by LUT (<i>p <</i> 0.01 for IL-6; <i>p <</i> 0.001 for IL-8). Based on our results, CHR and LUT exerted beneficial effects on IC ROS levels and on cytokine secretion (LUT) in vitro; thus, they might be used as dietary and feed supplements to avoid OTA- and LPS-related health risks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:51:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-227f3b76b26c481f915e0745bff80c22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:51:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-227f3b76b26c481f915e0745bff80c222023-11-23T22:31:12ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011220274710.3390/ani12202747Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal ModelAnnelie Wohlert0Nikolett Palkovicsné Pézsa1Alma Virág Móritz2Ákos Jerzsele3Orsolya Farkas4Erzsébet Pászti-Gere5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078 Budapest, HungaryOchratoxin A (OTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intake can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Polyphenolic chrysin (CHR) and luteolin (LUT) display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Porcine intestinal epithelial (jejunal) IPEC-J2 cells were treated with OTA (1 µM, 5 µM and 20 µM), <i>E. coli</i> LPS (10 µg/mL), CHR (1 µM) and LUT (8.7 µM) alone and in their combinations. Cell viabilities (MTS assay) and extracellular (EC) hydrogen-peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production (Amplex red method) were evaluated. Intracellular (IC) reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using a 2′-7′dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) procedure. ELISA assay was used to evaluate IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. OTA decreased cell viabilities (<i>p <</i> 0.001) which could not be alleviated by LUT or CHR (<i>p ></i> 0.05); however, EC H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production was successfully suppressed by LUT in IPEC-J2 cells (<i>p <</i> 0.001). OTA with LPS elevated the IC ROS which was counteracted by CHR and LUT (<i>p <</i> 0.001). IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was elevated by LPS + OTA (<i>p <</i> 0.001) which could be inhibited by LUT (<i>p <</i> 0.01 for IL-6; <i>p <</i> 0.001 for IL-8). Based on our results, CHR and LUT exerted beneficial effects on IC ROS levels and on cytokine secretion (LUT) in vitro; thus, they might be used as dietary and feed supplements to avoid OTA- and LPS-related health risks.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2747ochratoxinIPEC-J2 cellsoxidative stressinterleukinsflavonoidslipopolysaccharide |
| spellingShingle | Annelie Wohlert Nikolett Palkovicsné Pézsa Alma Virág Móritz Ákos Jerzsele Orsolya Farkas Erzsébet Pászti-Gere Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model Animals ochratoxin IPEC-J2 cells oxidative stress interleukins flavonoids lipopolysaccharide |
| title | Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model |
| title_full | Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model |
| title_fullStr | Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model |
| title_short | Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent <i>E. coli</i> Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model |
| title_sort | luteolin and chrysin could prevent i e coli i lipopolysaccharide ochratoxin a combination caused inflammation and oxidative stress in in vitro porcine intestinal model |
| topic | ochratoxin IPEC-J2 cells oxidative stress interleukins flavonoids lipopolysaccharide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2747 |
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