Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle
The present review aims to analyze the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the mammary gland and udders of water buffalo by making an anatomofunctional comparison with dairy cattle. It will also discuss the knowledge generated around the physiological regulation of milk ejection in the w...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/7/1066 |
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| author | Daniel Mota-Rojas Fabio Napolitano Alfonso Chay-Canul Marcelo Ghezzi Ada Braghieri Adriana Domínguez-Oliva Andrea Bragaglio Adolfo Álvarez-Macías Adriana Olmos-Hernández Giuseppe De Rosa Ricardo García-Herrera Pamela Lendez Corrado Pacelli Aldo Bertoni Vittoria Lucia Barile |
| author_facet | Daniel Mota-Rojas Fabio Napolitano Alfonso Chay-Canul Marcelo Ghezzi Ada Braghieri Adriana Domínguez-Oliva Andrea Bragaglio Adolfo Álvarez-Macías Adriana Olmos-Hernández Giuseppe De Rosa Ricardo García-Herrera Pamela Lendez Corrado Pacelli Aldo Bertoni Vittoria Lucia Barile |
| author_sort | Daniel Mota-Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present review aims to analyze the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the mammary gland and udders of water buffalo by making an anatomofunctional comparison with dairy cattle. It will also discuss the knowledge generated around the physiological regulation of milk ejection in the water buffalo. It was found that buffalo’s average udder depth and width is approximately 20 cm smaller than <i>Bos</i> cattle. One of the main differences with dairy cattle is a longer teat canal length (around 8.25–11.56 cm), which highly influences buffalo milking. In this sense, a narrower teat canal (2.71 ± 0.10 cm) and thicker sphincter muscle are associated with needing higher vacuum levels when using machine milking in buffalo. Moreover, the predominant alveolar fraction of water buffalo storing 90–95% of the entire milk production is another element that can be related to the lower milk yields in buffalo (when compared to <i>Bos</i> cattle) and the requirements for prolonged prestimulation in this species. Considering the anatomical characteristics of water buffalo’s udder could help improve bubaline dairy systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:50:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-228063512f554b839f89a4bf80f20999 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:50:41Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-228063512f554b839f89a4bf80f209992024-04-12T13:14:16ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-03-01147106610.3390/ani14071066Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy CattleDaniel Mota-Rojas0Fabio Napolitano1Alfonso Chay-Canul2Marcelo Ghezzi3Ada Braghieri4Adriana Domínguez-Oliva5Andrea Bragaglio6Adolfo Álvarez-Macías7Adriana Olmos-Hernández8Giuseppe De Rosa9Ricardo García-Herrera10Pamela Lendez11Corrado Pacelli12Aldo Bertoni13Vittoria Lucia Barile14Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, MexicoScuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, ItalyDivisión Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86040, MexicoAnatomy Area, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), University Campus, Tandil 7000, ArgentinaScuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, ItalyNeurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, MexicoResearch Centre for Engineering and Food Processing, Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis (CREA), Via Milano 43, 24047 Treviglio, ItalyNeurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, MexicoDivision of Biotechnology—Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City 14389, MexicoDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, ItalyDivisión Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86040, MexicoFaculty of Veterinary Sciences (FCV), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, CIVETAN, UNCPBA-CICPBA-CONICET (UNCPBA), University Campus, Tandil 7000, ArgentinaScuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, ItalyNeurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, MexicoResearch Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria (CREA), Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo, ItalyThe present review aims to analyze the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the mammary gland and udders of water buffalo by making an anatomofunctional comparison with dairy cattle. It will also discuss the knowledge generated around the physiological regulation of milk ejection in the water buffalo. It was found that buffalo’s average udder depth and width is approximately 20 cm smaller than <i>Bos</i> cattle. One of the main differences with dairy cattle is a longer teat canal length (around 8.25–11.56 cm), which highly influences buffalo milking. In this sense, a narrower teat canal (2.71 ± 0.10 cm) and thicker sphincter muscle are associated with needing higher vacuum levels when using machine milking in buffalo. Moreover, the predominant alveolar fraction of water buffalo storing 90–95% of the entire milk production is another element that can be related to the lower milk yields in buffalo (when compared to <i>Bos</i> cattle) and the requirements for prolonged prestimulation in this species. Considering the anatomical characteristics of water buffalo’s udder could help improve bubaline dairy systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/7/1066udder morphology<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>prestimulation |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Mota-Rojas Fabio Napolitano Alfonso Chay-Canul Marcelo Ghezzi Ada Braghieri Adriana Domínguez-Oliva Andrea Bragaglio Adolfo Álvarez-Macías Adriana Olmos-Hernández Giuseppe De Rosa Ricardo García-Herrera Pamela Lendez Corrado Pacelli Aldo Bertoni Vittoria Lucia Barile Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle Animals udder morphology <i>Bubalus bubalis</i> prestimulation |
| title | Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle |
| title_full | Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle |
| title_short | Anatomy and Physiology of Water Buffalo Mammary Glands: An Anatomofunctional Comparison with Dairy Cattle |
| title_sort | anatomy and physiology of water buffalo mammary glands an anatomofunctional comparison with dairy cattle |
| topic | udder morphology <i>Bubalus bubalis</i> prestimulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/7/1066 |
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