Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20
Abstract Groundnuts are mostly contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic mycotoxin called as aflatoxin. It is very important to understand the genetic factors underlying its pathogenicity, regulation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and animal toxicities,...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50986-5 |
| _version_ | 1797363423524159488 |
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| author | Achyut Ashokrao Bharose Sunil Tulshiram Hajare Dhawale Ramesh Narayanrao H. G. Gajera Hrushna Kany Prajapati Suresh Chandra Singh Vijay Upadhye |
| author_facet | Achyut Ashokrao Bharose Sunil Tulshiram Hajare Dhawale Ramesh Narayanrao H. G. Gajera Hrushna Kany Prajapati Suresh Chandra Singh Vijay Upadhye |
| author_sort | Achyut Ashokrao Bharose |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Groundnuts are mostly contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic mycotoxin called as aflatoxin. It is very important to understand the genetic factors underlying its pathogenicity, regulation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and animal toxicities, but it still lacks useful information due to certain gaps in the era of modern technology. Therefore, the present study was considered to determine the key genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin by using a molecular approach in a virulent strain of Aspergillus. The whole genome sequence of highly toxic and virulent Aspergillus isolates JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 revealed 3,73,54,834 bp genome size, 2, 26, 257 number of contigs with N50 value of 49,272 bp, 12,400 genes and 48.1% of GC contained respectively. The genome sequence was compared with other known aflatoxin producing and non-producing genome of Aspergillus spp. and 61 secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters were annotated with the toxic strain JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20 which showed similarity with other Aspergillus spp. A total number of eight genes (ver-1, AflR, pksA, uvm8, omt1, nor-1, Vha and aflP) were identified related to biosynthesis of aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Also, 69 SSR with forward and reverse primers and 137 di and tri nucleotide motifs were identified in the nucleotide sequence region related to aflatoxin gene pathway. The genes and putative metabolites identified in this study are potentially involved in host invasion and pathogenicity. As such, the genomic information obtained in this study is helpful in understanding aflatoxin gene producing pathway in comparison to other Aspergillus spp. and predicted presence of other secondary metabolites clusters viz. Nrps, T1pks etc. genes associated with a biosynthesis of OTA mycotoxin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:21:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-228c88df0716469f860bc67adf3b025e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:21:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-228c88df0716469f860bc67adf3b025e2024-01-07T12:19:53ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-01-0114111310.1038/s41598-023-50986-5Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20Achyut Ashokrao Bharose0Sunil Tulshiram Hajare1Dhawale Ramesh Narayanrao2H. G. Gajera3Hrushna Kany Prajapati4Suresh Chandra Singh5Vijay Upadhye6Marathwada Agriculture UniversityCollege of Natural and Computational Sciences, Dilla UniversityMarathwada Agriculture UniversityDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural UniversityShri Krishna Pathology and ELISA LaboratoryBilva Laboratories Pvt Ltd, BHU VaranasiParul UniversityAbstract Groundnuts are mostly contaminated with the mold Aspergillus flavus which produces a carcinogenic mycotoxin called as aflatoxin. It is very important to understand the genetic factors underlying its pathogenicity, regulation, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and animal toxicities, but it still lacks useful information due to certain gaps in the era of modern technology. Therefore, the present study was considered to determine the key genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin by using a molecular approach in a virulent strain of Aspergillus. The whole genome sequence of highly toxic and virulent Aspergillus isolates JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 revealed 3,73,54,834 bp genome size, 2, 26, 257 number of contigs with N50 value of 49,272 bp, 12,400 genes and 48.1% of GC contained respectively. The genome sequence was compared with other known aflatoxin producing and non-producing genome of Aspergillus spp. and 61 secondary metabolite (SM) gene clusters were annotated with the toxic strain JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20 which showed similarity with other Aspergillus spp. A total number of eight genes (ver-1, AflR, pksA, uvm8, omt1, nor-1, Vha and aflP) were identified related to biosynthesis of aflatoxin and ochratoxin. Also, 69 SSR with forward and reverse primers and 137 di and tri nucleotide motifs were identified in the nucleotide sequence region related to aflatoxin gene pathway. The genes and putative metabolites identified in this study are potentially involved in host invasion and pathogenicity. As such, the genomic information obtained in this study is helpful in understanding aflatoxin gene producing pathway in comparison to other Aspergillus spp. and predicted presence of other secondary metabolites clusters viz. Nrps, T1pks etc. genes associated with a biosynthesis of OTA mycotoxin.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50986-5 |
| spellingShingle | Achyut Ashokrao Bharose Sunil Tulshiram Hajare Dhawale Ramesh Narayanrao H. G. Gajera Hrushna Kany Prajapati Suresh Chandra Singh Vijay Upadhye Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 Scientific Reports |
| title | Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 |
| title_full | Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 |
| title_fullStr | Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 |
| title_short | Whole genome sequencing and annotation of Aspergillus flavus JAM-JKB-B HA-GG20 |
| title_sort | whole genome sequencing and annotation of aspergillus flavus jam jkb b ha gg20 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50986-5 |
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