| Summary: | This research endeavored to elucidate the antioxidant attributes of lactic acid bacteria, specifically their impact on anti-aging and lifespan augmentation in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. The study focused on <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> A72, identified through ARTP mutagenesis for its potent antioxidant properties. In vitro analysis affirmed its free radical neutralizing capacity. In <i>C. elegans</i>, the strain not only extended the lifespan by 25.13% and amplified motility 2.52-fold, but also maintained reproductive capabilities. Remarkably, <i>Lpb. plantarum</i> A72 diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in <i>C. elegans</i> by 34.86% and 69.52%, respectively, while concurrently enhancing its antioxidant enzyme activities. The strain also bolstered <i>C. elegans</i> survival rates by 46.33% and 57.78% under high temperature and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> conditions, respectively. Transcriptomic scrutiny revealed that <i>Lpb. plantarum</i> A72 could retard <i>C. elegans</i> aging and extend lifespan by upregulating the <i>sod-5</i> and <i>hsp-16.1</i> genes and downregulating the <i>fat-6</i> and <i>lips-17</i> genes. These findings propose <i>Lpb. plantarum</i> A72 as a potential antioxidant and anti-aging lactic acid bacteria.
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