Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties
Salt stress is one of the most severe environmental stresses limiting the productivity of crops, including rice. However, there is a lack of information on how salt-stress sensitivity varies across different developmental stages in rice. In view of this, a comparative evaluation of contrasting rice...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| author | Vikash Kumar Ashish K. Srivastava Deepak Sharma Shailaja P. Pandey Manish Pandey Ayushi Dudwadkar Harshala J. Parab Penna Suprasanna Bikram K. Das |
| author_facet | Vikash Kumar Ashish K. Srivastava Deepak Sharma Shailaja P. Pandey Manish Pandey Ayushi Dudwadkar Harshala J. Parab Penna Suprasanna Bikram K. Das |
| author_sort | Vikash Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress is one of the most severe environmental stresses limiting the productivity of crops, including rice. However, there is a lack of information on how salt-stress sensitivity varies across different developmental stages in rice. In view of this, a comparative evaluation of contrasting rice varieties CSR36 (salt tolerant) and Jaya (salt sensitive) was conducted, wherein NaCl stress (50 mM) was independently given either at seedling (S-stage), tillering (T-stage), flowering (F-stage), seed-setting (SS-stage) or throughout plant growth, from seedling till maturity. Except for S-stage, CSR36 exhibited improved NaCl stress tolerance than Jaya, at all other tested stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the improved NaCl stress tolerance in CSR36 coincided with enhanced activities/levels of enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants (root ascorbate peroxidase for T- (2.74-fold) and S+T- (2.12-fold) stages and root catalase for F- (5.22-fold), S+T- (2.10-fold) and S+T+F- (2.61-fold) stages) and higher accumulation of osmolytes (shoot proline for F-stage (5.82-fold) and S+T+F- (2.31-fold) stage), indicating better antioxidant capacitance and osmotic adjustment, respectively. In contrast, higher shoot accumulation of Na<sup>+</sup> (14.25-fold) and consequent increase in Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> (14.56-fold), Na<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>+2</sup> (13.09-fold) and Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>+2</sup> (8.38-fold) ratio in shoot, were identified as major variables associated with S-stage salinity in Jaya. Higher root Na<sup>+</sup> and their associated ratio were major deriving force for other stage specific and combined stage salinity in Jaya. In addition, CSR36 exhibited higher levels of Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Co<sup>3+</sup> and lower Cl<sup>−</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, suggesting its potential to discriminate essential and non-essential nutrients, which might contribute to NaCl stress tolerance. Taken together, the findings provided the framework for stage-specific salinity responses in rice, which will facilitate crop-improvement programs for specific ecological niches, including coastal regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:53:33Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-229c33bd8c104e94a2a538b0e3ab01052024-03-27T14:00:37ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-03-0113677810.3390/plants13060778Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice VarietiesVikash Kumar0Ashish K. Srivastava1Deepak Sharma2Shailaja P. Pandey3Manish Pandey4Ayushi Dudwadkar5Harshala J. Parab6Penna Suprasanna7Bikram K. Das8Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaNuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur 492012, IndiaAnalytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaNuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaAnalytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaAnalytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaNuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaNuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, IndiaSalt stress is one of the most severe environmental stresses limiting the productivity of crops, including rice. However, there is a lack of information on how salt-stress sensitivity varies across different developmental stages in rice. In view of this, a comparative evaluation of contrasting rice varieties CSR36 (salt tolerant) and Jaya (salt sensitive) was conducted, wherein NaCl stress (50 mM) was independently given either at seedling (S-stage), tillering (T-stage), flowering (F-stage), seed-setting (SS-stage) or throughout plant growth, from seedling till maturity. Except for S-stage, CSR36 exhibited improved NaCl stress tolerance than Jaya, at all other tested stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the improved NaCl stress tolerance in CSR36 coincided with enhanced activities/levels of enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants (root ascorbate peroxidase for T- (2.74-fold) and S+T- (2.12-fold) stages and root catalase for F- (5.22-fold), S+T- (2.10-fold) and S+T+F- (2.61-fold) stages) and higher accumulation of osmolytes (shoot proline for F-stage (5.82-fold) and S+T+F- (2.31-fold) stage), indicating better antioxidant capacitance and osmotic adjustment, respectively. In contrast, higher shoot accumulation of Na<sup>+</sup> (14.25-fold) and consequent increase in Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> (14.56-fold), Na<sup>+</sup>/Mg<sup>+2</sup> (13.09-fold) and Na<sup>+</sup>/Ca<sup>+2</sup> (8.38-fold) ratio in shoot, were identified as major variables associated with S-stage salinity in Jaya. Higher root Na<sup>+</sup> and their associated ratio were major deriving force for other stage specific and combined stage salinity in Jaya. In addition, CSR36 exhibited higher levels of Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Co<sup>3+</sup> and lower Cl<sup>−</sup> and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, suggesting its potential to discriminate essential and non-essential nutrients, which might contribute to NaCl stress tolerance. Taken together, the findings provided the framework for stage-specific salinity responses in rice, which will facilitate crop-improvement programs for specific ecological niches, including coastal regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/778ricesalt stressstage-specific salinityantioxidant defenseionic homeostasissalt tolerance |
| spellingShingle | Vikash Kumar Ashish K. Srivastava Deepak Sharma Shailaja P. Pandey Manish Pandey Ayushi Dudwadkar Harshala J. Parab Penna Suprasanna Bikram K. Das Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties Plants rice salt stress stage-specific salinity antioxidant defense ionic homeostasis salt tolerance |
| title | Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties |
| title_full | Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties |
| title_short | Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties |
| title_sort | antioxidant defense and ionic homeostasis govern stage specific response of salinity stress in contrasting rice varieties |
| topic | rice salt stress stage-specific salinity antioxidant defense ionic homeostasis salt tolerance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/778 |
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