Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The sun-dried rind of the immature fruit of pomegranate (<it>Punica granatum</it>) is presently used as a herbal formulation (OMARIA, Orissa Malaria Research Indigenous Attempt) in Orissa, India, for the therapy and proph...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2010-07-01
|
| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Online Access: | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/208 |
| _version_ | 1811244349604757504 |
|---|---|
| author | Bhattacharya Deepak Romeo Sergio Basilico Nicoletta Bulgari Michela Galli Germana V Dell'Agli Mario Taramelli Donatella Bosisio Enrica |
| author_facet | Bhattacharya Deepak Romeo Sergio Basilico Nicoletta Bulgari Michela Galli Germana V Dell'Agli Mario Taramelli Donatella Bosisio Enrica |
| author_sort | Bhattacharya Deepak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The sun-dried rind of the immature fruit of pomegranate (<it>Punica granatum</it>) is presently used as a herbal formulation (OMARIA, Orissa Malaria Research Indigenous Attempt) in Orissa, India, for the therapy and prophylaxis of malaria. The pathogenesis of cerebral malaria, a complication of the infection by <it>Plasmodium falciparum</it>, is an inflammatory cytokine-driven disease associated to an up-regulation and activity of metalloproteinase-9 and to the increase of TNF production. The <it>in vitro </it>anti-plasmodial activity of <it>Punica granatum (Pg) </it>was recently described. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the anti-malarial effect of OMARIA could also be sustained via other mechanisms among those associated to the host immune response.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From the methanolic extract of the fruit rind, a fraction enriched in tannins (<it>Pg</it>-FET) was prepared. MMP-9 secretion and expression were evaluated in THP-1 cells stimulated with haemozoin or TNF. The assays were conducted in the presence of the <it>Pg</it>-FET and its chemical constituents ellagic acid and punicalagin. The effect of urolithins, the ellagitannin metabolites formed by human intestinal microflora, was also investigated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Pg</it>-FET and its constituents inhibited the secretion of MMP-9 induced by haemozoin or TNF. The effect occurred at transcriptional level since MMP-9 mRNA levels were lower in the presence of the tested compounds. Urolithins as well inhibited MMP-9 secretion and expression. <it>Pg</it>-FET and pure compounds also inhibited MMP-9 promoter activity and NF-kB-driven transcription.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The beneficial effect of the fruit rind of <it>Punica granatum </it>for the treatment of malarial disease may be attributed to the anti-parasitic activity and the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory mechanisms involved in the onset of cerebral malaria.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:23:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22b77c65cfad48b596a89af6a6349b67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T14:23:50Z |
| publishDate | 2010-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-22b77c65cfad48b596a89af6a6349b672022-12-22T03:29:30ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752010-07-019120810.1186/1475-2875-9-208Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malariaBhattacharya DeepakRomeo SergioBasilico NicolettaBulgari MichelaGalli Germana VDell'Agli MarioTaramelli DonatellaBosisio Enrica<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The sun-dried rind of the immature fruit of pomegranate (<it>Punica granatum</it>) is presently used as a herbal formulation (OMARIA, Orissa Malaria Research Indigenous Attempt) in Orissa, India, for the therapy and prophylaxis of malaria. The pathogenesis of cerebral malaria, a complication of the infection by <it>Plasmodium falciparum</it>, is an inflammatory cytokine-driven disease associated to an up-regulation and activity of metalloproteinase-9 and to the increase of TNF production. The <it>in vitro </it>anti-plasmodial activity of <it>Punica granatum (Pg) </it>was recently described. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the anti-malarial effect of OMARIA could also be sustained via other mechanisms among those associated to the host immune response.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>From the methanolic extract of the fruit rind, a fraction enriched in tannins (<it>Pg</it>-FET) was prepared. MMP-9 secretion and expression were evaluated in THP-1 cells stimulated with haemozoin or TNF. The assays were conducted in the presence of the <it>Pg</it>-FET and its chemical constituents ellagic acid and punicalagin. The effect of urolithins, the ellagitannin metabolites formed by human intestinal microflora, was also investigated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Pg</it>-FET and its constituents inhibited the secretion of MMP-9 induced by haemozoin or TNF. The effect occurred at transcriptional level since MMP-9 mRNA levels were lower in the presence of the tested compounds. Urolithins as well inhibited MMP-9 secretion and expression. <it>Pg</it>-FET and pure compounds also inhibited MMP-9 promoter activity and NF-kB-driven transcription.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The beneficial effect of the fruit rind of <it>Punica granatum </it>for the treatment of malarial disease may be attributed to the anti-parasitic activity and the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory mechanisms involved in the onset of cerebral malaria.</p>http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/208 |
| spellingShingle | Bhattacharya Deepak Romeo Sergio Basilico Nicoletta Bulgari Michela Galli Germana V Dell'Agli Mario Taramelli Donatella Bosisio Enrica Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria Malaria Journal |
| title | Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| title_full | Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| title_fullStr | Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| title_short | Ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate <it>(Punica granatum) </it>antagonize <it>in vitro </it>the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| title_sort | ellagitannins of the fruit rind of pomegranate it punica granatum it antagonize it in vitro it the host inflammatory response mechanisms involved in the onset of malaria |
| url | http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/208 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bhattacharyadeepak ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT romeosergio ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT basiliconicoletta ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT bulgarimichela ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT galligermanav ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT dellaglimario ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT taramellidonatella ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria AT bosisioenrica ellagitanninsofthefruitrindofpomegranateitpunicagranatumitantagonizeitinvitroitthehostinflammatoryresponsemechanismsinvolvedintheonsetofmalaria |