Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling
Muscle morphology is an important contributor to hamstring muscle injury and malfunction. The aim of this study was to examine if hamstring muscle-tendon lengths differ between various measurement methods as well as if passive length changes differ between individual hamstrings. The lengths of bicep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/6/1/26 |
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| author | Eleftherios Kellis Athina Konstantinidou Athanasios Ellinoudis |
| author_facet | Eleftherios Kellis Athina Konstantinidou Athanasios Ellinoudis |
| author_sort | Eleftherios Kellis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Muscle morphology is an important contributor to hamstring muscle injury and malfunction. The aim of this study was to examine if hamstring muscle-tendon lengths differ between various measurement methods as well as if passive length changes differ between individual hamstrings. The lengths of biceps femoris long head (BFlh), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST) of 12 healthy males were determined using three methods: Firstly, by identifying the muscle attachments using ultrasound (US) and then measuring the distance on the skin using a flexible ultrasound tape (TAPE-US). Secondly, by scanning each muscle using extended-field-of view US (EFOV-US) and, thirdly, by estimating length using modelling equations (MODEL). Measurements were performed with the participant relaxed at six combinations of hip (0°, 90°) and knee (0°, 45°, and 90°) flexion angles. The MODEL method showed greater BFlh and SM lengths as well as changes in length than US methods. EFOV-US showed greater ST and SM lengths than TAPE-US (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SM length change across all joint positions was greater than BFlh and ST (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hamstring length predicted using regression equations is greater compared with those measured using US-based methods. The EFOV-US method yielded greater ST and SM length than the TAPE-US method. SM showed the highest change in length at different hip and knee joint positions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:18:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22b828ec819b4992b46fa64ce5564837 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:18:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-22b828ec819b4992b46fa64ce55648372023-11-21T10:12:51ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422021-03-01612610.3390/jfmk6010026Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal ModellingEleftherios Kellis0Athina Konstantinidou1Athanasios Ellinoudis2Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, GreeceLaboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, GreeceLaboratory of Neuromechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62100 Serres, GreeceMuscle morphology is an important contributor to hamstring muscle injury and malfunction. The aim of this study was to examine if hamstring muscle-tendon lengths differ between various measurement methods as well as if passive length changes differ between individual hamstrings. The lengths of biceps femoris long head (BFlh), semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST) of 12 healthy males were determined using three methods: Firstly, by identifying the muscle attachments using ultrasound (US) and then measuring the distance on the skin using a flexible ultrasound tape (TAPE-US). Secondly, by scanning each muscle using extended-field-of view US (EFOV-US) and, thirdly, by estimating length using modelling equations (MODEL). Measurements were performed with the participant relaxed at six combinations of hip (0°, 90°) and knee (0°, 45°, and 90°) flexion angles. The MODEL method showed greater BFlh and SM lengths as well as changes in length than US methods. EFOV-US showed greater ST and SM lengths than TAPE-US (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SM length change across all joint positions was greater than BFlh and ST (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hamstring length predicted using regression equations is greater compared with those measured using US-based methods. The EFOV-US method yielded greater ST and SM length than the TAPE-US method. SM showed the highest change in length at different hip and knee joint positions.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/6/1/26extended-view ultrasonographybiceps femoris long headsemitendinosussemimembranosusarchitecturemodelling |
| spellingShingle | Eleftherios Kellis Athina Konstantinidou Athanasios Ellinoudis Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology extended-view ultrasonography biceps femoris long head semitendinosus semimembranosus architecture modelling |
| title | Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling |
| title_full | Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling |
| title_fullStr | Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling |
| title_short | Muscle Length of the Hamstrings Using Ultrasonography Versus Musculoskeletal Modelling |
| title_sort | muscle length of the hamstrings using ultrasonography versus musculoskeletal modelling |
| topic | extended-view ultrasonography biceps femoris long head semitendinosus semimembranosus architecture modelling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/6/1/26 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eleftherioskellis musclelengthofthehamstringsusingultrasonographyversusmusculoskeletalmodelling AT athinakonstantinidou musclelengthofthehamstringsusingultrasonographyversusmusculoskeletalmodelling AT athanasiosellinoudis musclelengthofthehamstringsusingultrasonographyversusmusculoskeletalmodelling |