A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application
The stress state in a rock mass is complex. Stress redistribution around underground excavation may lead to various failure modes, including compressive-shear, tensile-shear, and tensile failures. The ability to perform laboratory tests with these complex stress states is significant for establishin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775522000245 |
| _version_ | 1828385879779966976 |
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| author | Shucai Li Jie Hu Florian Amann Liping Li Hongliang Liu Shaoshuai Shi Pooya Hamdi |
| author_facet | Shucai Li Jie Hu Florian Amann Liping Li Hongliang Liu Shaoshuai Shi Pooya Hamdi |
| author_sort | Shucai Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The stress state in a rock mass is complex. Stress redistribution around underground excavation may lead to various failure modes, including compressive-shear, tensile-shear, and tensile failures. The ability to perform laboratory tests with these complex stress states is significant for establishing new strength criteria. The present paper introduces a new rock testing system with “tensile-compressive-shear” loading functions. The device includes bi-directional and double-range hydraulic cylinders, auxiliary loading equipment, and roller rows that can perform direct compressive-shear tests, direct tensile tests, and direct tensile-shear tests. The testing system provides maximum vertical and lateral loading forces of 2000 kN and allows testing cubical rock specimens with dimensions of 0.5 m × 0.5 m × 0.5 m. The performance of the testing machine was evaluated by testing a rock-like material based on cement mortar under compressive-shear, tensile, and tensile-shear stress states. The failure process and deformation characteristics were monitored during loading using acoustic emission (AE) transient recorder, piezoelectric AE sensors, a high-speed camera, and a thermal infrared camera. The failure mechanism was investigated by analyzing AE counts, AE amplitude, strain, and temperature changes on the rock specimen surface. The test results confirmed that the testing system could successfully simulate the abovementioned stress path. The AE counts and amplitude responses were influenced by different failure modes. The temperature response during the compressive-shear test indicated the development of a high-temperature band on the rock specimen surface. In contrast, a negligible temperature change was observed during the tensile and tensile-shear tests. The newly developed multifunctional rock testing system allows laboratory tests under various failure modes. The monitoring results of multiple variables during rock failure tests provide valuable information on failure characteristics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:27:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22bb576fc34947908ca860acde6fac99 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1674-7755 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T05:27:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-22bb576fc34947908ca860acde6fac992022-12-22T02:00:39ZengElsevierJournal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering1674-77552022-10-0114515311544A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and applicationShucai Li0Jie Hu1Florian Amann2Liping Li3Hongliang Liu4Shaoshuai Shi5Pooya Hamdi6School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China; Corresponding author.School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China; Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52064, Germany; Corresponding author. School of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52064, GermanySchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, ChinaSchool of Qilu Transportation, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52064, GermanyThe stress state in a rock mass is complex. Stress redistribution around underground excavation may lead to various failure modes, including compressive-shear, tensile-shear, and tensile failures. The ability to perform laboratory tests with these complex stress states is significant for establishing new strength criteria. The present paper introduces a new rock testing system with “tensile-compressive-shear” loading functions. The device includes bi-directional and double-range hydraulic cylinders, auxiliary loading equipment, and roller rows that can perform direct compressive-shear tests, direct tensile tests, and direct tensile-shear tests. The testing system provides maximum vertical and lateral loading forces of 2000 kN and allows testing cubical rock specimens with dimensions of 0.5 m × 0.5 m × 0.5 m. The performance of the testing machine was evaluated by testing a rock-like material based on cement mortar under compressive-shear, tensile, and tensile-shear stress states. The failure process and deformation characteristics were monitored during loading using acoustic emission (AE) transient recorder, piezoelectric AE sensors, a high-speed camera, and a thermal infrared camera. The failure mechanism was investigated by analyzing AE counts, AE amplitude, strain, and temperature changes on the rock specimen surface. The test results confirmed that the testing system could successfully simulate the abovementioned stress path. The AE counts and amplitude responses were influenced by different failure modes. The temperature response during the compressive-shear test indicated the development of a high-temperature band on the rock specimen surface. In contrast, a negligible temperature change was observed during the tensile and tensile-shear tests. The newly developed multifunctional rock testing system allows laboratory tests under various failure modes. The monitoring results of multiple variables during rock failure tests provide valuable information on failure characteristics.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775522000245Rock testing systemCompressive-shear testTensile testTensile-shear testFailure behaviorMultiple variable evolutions |
| spellingShingle | Shucai Li Jie Hu Florian Amann Liping Li Hongliang Liu Shaoshuai Shi Pooya Hamdi A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Rock testing system Compressive-shear test Tensile test Tensile-shear test Failure behavior Multiple variable evolutions |
| title | A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application |
| title_full | A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application |
| title_fullStr | A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application |
| title_short | A multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states: Development and application |
| title_sort | multifunctional rock testing system for rock failure analysis under different stress states development and application |
| topic | Rock testing system Compressive-shear test Tensile test Tensile-shear test Failure behavior Multiple variable evolutions |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674775522000245 |
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