Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock
It is important to control grout propagation and ensure the engineering effectiveness of the advanced regional grouting process in the Middle Ordovician limestone (MOL) aquifer. In our study, we found that the physical and mechanical properties of cement grout are affected mainly by the water–cement...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/24/4062 |
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| author | Zhaoxing Liu Shuning Dong Hao Wang Hongbo Shang |
| author_facet | Zhaoxing Liu Shuning Dong Hao Wang Hongbo Shang |
| author_sort | Zhaoxing Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is important to control grout propagation and ensure the engineering effectiveness of the advanced regional grouting process in the Middle Ordovician limestone (MOL) aquifer. In our study, we found that the physical and mechanical properties of cement grout are affected mainly by the water–cement ratio, followed by water glass content and finally by hydro-chemical type. In a horizontal grouting hole inclined single fracture, the grout spread over time depended on the water–cement ratio, grouting pressure, width of fracture and angle between fracture and grouting hole and the rate of spread increased over time. However, when the grout propagation length was hundreds of meters or more, the length in the fracture above the grouting hole was greater than that in the fracture below. The sensitivity sequence of influencing factors of grout propagation length in an inclined fracture of a horizontal grouting hole was as follows, from large to small: width of fracture, fracture angle, water–cement ratio, grouting pressure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:43:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22db393ce58d435d9c7bab5cf4ae3bfe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:43:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-22db393ce58d435d9c7bab5cf4ae3bfe2023-11-24T18:42:14ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-12-011424406210.3390/w14244062Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured RockZhaoxing Liu0Shuning Dong1Hao Wang2Hongbo Shang3Xi’an Research Institute (Group) Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710054, ChinaXi’an Research Institute (Group) Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710054, ChinaXi’an Research Institute (Group) Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710054, ChinaXi’an Research Institute (Group) Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi’an 710054, ChinaIt is important to control grout propagation and ensure the engineering effectiveness of the advanced regional grouting process in the Middle Ordovician limestone (MOL) aquifer. In our study, we found that the physical and mechanical properties of cement grout are affected mainly by the water–cement ratio, followed by water glass content and finally by hydro-chemical type. In a horizontal grouting hole inclined single fracture, the grout spread over time depended on the water–cement ratio, grouting pressure, width of fracture and angle between fracture and grouting hole and the rate of spread increased over time. However, when the grout propagation length was hundreds of meters or more, the length in the fracture above the grouting hole was greater than that in the fracture below. The sensitivity sequence of influencing factors of grout propagation length in an inclined fracture of a horizontal grouting hole was as follows, from large to small: width of fracture, fracture angle, water–cement ratio, grouting pressure.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/24/4062advanced regional groutinggrout propagation lengthhorizontal directional drillinginclined single fracturemethod of grout controlprinciple of cement grout |
| spellingShingle | Zhaoxing Liu Shuning Dong Hao Wang Hongbo Shang Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock Water advanced regional grouting grout propagation length horizontal directional drilling inclined single fracture method of grout control principle of cement grout |
| title | Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock |
| title_full | Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock |
| title_fullStr | Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock |
| title_short | Mechanism and Control of Grout Propagation in Horizontal Holes in Fractured Rock |
| title_sort | mechanism and control of grout propagation in horizontal holes in fractured rock |
| topic | advanced regional grouting grout propagation length horizontal directional drilling inclined single fracture method of grout control principle of cement grout |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/24/4062 |
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