| Summary: | Purpose: We aimed to explore the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for PTCL-NOS patients in the real world. Methods: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from adult patients with PTCL-NOS treated at a single center in Taiwan. Results: 104 PTCL-NOS patients with a median age of 53.0 years were enrolled. Patients with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) or prognostic index for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PIT) scores of zero had a longer overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS), while patients with IPI or PIT scores ≥1 did poorly. For patients who are eligible for transplantation, the use of pralatrexate as salvage chemotherapy has shown better OS (2-year OS 83.3% vs. 24.4%, P = 0.011) compared to patients who did not. By multivariate analysis, age >60 years, male, B symptoms, ECOG >1, lung involvement, and thrombocytopenia were independent adverse factors for OS. Incorporating factors in multivariate analysis, we established a novel predictive index for PTCL-NOS which efficiently stratifies patients into low (0–1 factor), intermediate-1 (2 factors), intermediate-2 (3 factors), and high risk (4–6 factors) groups with 2-year OS rates of 81.5%, 32.9%, 8.8%, and 0%, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: PTCL-NOS patients have a dismal prognosis in Taiwan. Novel agents may improve the outcomes of PTCL-NOS patients. The usefulness of the novel prognostic index for PTCL-NOS needs further validation.
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