Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a psychostimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. It is a naturally occurring central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class that can be isolated from more than sixty plants, but can also be produced synthetically and added to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Polish |
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Polish Pharmaceutical Society
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Farmacja Polska |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ptfarm.pl/download/?file=File%2FFarmacja+Polska%2F2022%2F8%2F02_OG_Kofeina_n.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797373863192952832 |
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| author | Anna Balawejder-Biśto Alina Pyka-Pająk |
| author_facet | Anna Balawejder-Biśto Alina Pyka-Pająk |
| author_sort | Anna Balawejder-Biśto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a psychostimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. It is a naturally occurring central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class that can be isolated from more than sixty plants, but can also be produced synthetically and added to our daily foods and medicines. Depending on the plant in which it occurs, it is referred to by a different name, such as guaranine (when it comes from guarana seeds), matein (when it comes from yerba mate), and theine (when it comes from tea leaves). It is considered the most often used psychoactive drug in the world. It is used in the preparation of daily beverages to refresh and offset symptoms of mental and physical fatigue, which are commonly used around the world in the form of coffee, tea or chocolate. There are also many medications containing caffeine, and the substance is also added to carbonated drinks (Pepsi, Coca-Cola) and energy drinks. After oral administration, caffeine is quickly and completely (i.e.99%) absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After absorption from the gastrointestinal tract ( especially the small intestine), caffeine is distributed throughout the body. It penetrates all tissues through cell membranes and enters the water space of tissues. Caffeine is practically completely biotransformed in the liver, only 2% of the ingested dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Caffeine metabolism is affected by many exogenous and endogenous factors, such as genetics, age, gender, pregnancy, diet, lifestyle, smoking, environmental factors, drugs and diseases. Caffeine is removed from the body mainly by the kidneys. The FDA ( Food and Drug Administration) has approved caffeine for use in the treatment of apnea and the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. Caffeine modifies the effects of some medications. Caffeine has a wide range of effects on the body, both positive and negative, that may partially affect the variability of caffeine consumption between individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:55:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22e94797ef3e411a9b500adff67441e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0014-8261 |
| language | Polish |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:55:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Polish Pharmaceutical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Farmacja Polska |
| spelling | doaj.art-22e94797ef3e411a9b500adff67441e22023-12-28T12:27:43ZpolPolish Pharmaceutical SocietyFarmacja Polska0014-82612022-10-0178843044110.32383/farmpol/155158155158Caffeine - a substance well known or still researchedAnna Balawejder-Biśto0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7434-4557Alina Pyka-Pająk1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-7489Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Chemii Analitycznej, Wydział Nauk Farmaceutycznych w Sosnowcu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, PolskaZakład Chemii Analitycznej, Wydział Nauk Farmaceutycznych w Sosnowcu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, PolskaCaffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a psychostimulant that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist. It is a naturally occurring central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class that can be isolated from more than sixty plants, but can also be produced synthetically and added to our daily foods and medicines. Depending on the plant in which it occurs, it is referred to by a different name, such as guaranine (when it comes from guarana seeds), matein (when it comes from yerba mate), and theine (when it comes from tea leaves). It is considered the most often used psychoactive drug in the world. It is used in the preparation of daily beverages to refresh and offset symptoms of mental and physical fatigue, which are commonly used around the world in the form of coffee, tea or chocolate. There are also many medications containing caffeine, and the substance is also added to carbonated drinks (Pepsi, Coca-Cola) and energy drinks. After oral administration, caffeine is quickly and completely (i.e.99%) absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After absorption from the gastrointestinal tract ( especially the small intestine), caffeine is distributed throughout the body. It penetrates all tissues through cell membranes and enters the water space of tissues. Caffeine is practically completely biotransformed in the liver, only 2% of the ingested dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Caffeine metabolism is affected by many exogenous and endogenous factors, such as genetics, age, gender, pregnancy, diet, lifestyle, smoking, environmental factors, drugs and diseases. Caffeine is removed from the body mainly by the kidneys. The FDA ( Food and Drug Administration) has approved caffeine for use in the treatment of apnea and the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants. Caffeine modifies the effects of some medications. Caffeine has a wide range of effects on the body, both positive and negative, that may partially affect the variability of caffeine consumption between individuals.https://www.ptfarm.pl/download/?file=File%2FFarmacja+Polska%2F2022%2F8%2F02_OG_Kofeina_n.pdfoccurrencedrugcaffeineapplicationproperty |
| spellingShingle | Anna Balawejder-Biśto Alina Pyka-Pająk Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched Farmacja Polska occurrence drug caffeine application property |
| title | Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched |
| title_full | Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched |
| title_fullStr | Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched |
| title_short | Caffeine - a substance well known or still researched |
| title_sort | caffeine a substance well known or still researched |
| topic | occurrence drug caffeine application property |
| url | https://www.ptfarm.pl/download/?file=File%2FFarmacja+Polska%2F2022%2F8%2F02_OG_Kofeina_n.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annabalawejderbisto caffeineasubstancewellknownorstillresearched AT alinapykapajak caffeineasubstancewellknownorstillresearched |