Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China
Perchlorate is a kind of persistent pollutant which occurs widely in the environment. The news of “high content of perchlorate detected in tea exported from China to Europe” has aroused public concerns on perchlorate in tea. However, limited data on its occurrence in tea and health risks for the tea...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Current Research in Food Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665927123001740 |
| _version_ | 1797394802511183872 |
|---|---|
| author | Yan Li Shaohua Li Jun Ren Jingguang Li Yunfeng Zhao Dawei Chen Yongning Wu |
| author_facet | Yan Li Shaohua Li Jun Ren Jingguang Li Yunfeng Zhao Dawei Chen Yongning Wu |
| author_sort | Yan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Perchlorate is a kind of persistent pollutant which occurs widely in the environment. The news of “high content of perchlorate detected in tea exported from China to Europe” has aroused public concerns on perchlorate in tea. However, limited data on its occurrence in tea and health risks for the tea consumers are available. To this end, this study explored the occurrence and spatial distribution of perchlorate based on 747 tea samples collected from the 13 major tea producing regions in China. Perchlorate was detected in 100% of tea samples. The average concentration of perchlorate was 163 μg/kg with the range from 1.2 μg/kg to 3132 μg/kg. From the perspective of spatial distribution, a remarkable difference was observed for perchlorate concentrations in tea samples between different regions (p < 0.0001), and the average concentration of perchlorate from the central China (409 μg/kg) was higher than that from the eastern (90.7 μg/kg) and western (140 μg/kg) regions. However, this study cannot obtain the difference of perchlorate concentrations between different tea categories. Furthermore, a human exposure assessment of perchlorate intake through tea consumption was performed by deterministic and probabilistic risk assessment. The average chronic daily intake (CDI) to perchlorate of Chinese tea consumers was 0.0183 μg/kg bw/day, however, CDI for high tea consumers (99% and 99.9%) was 0.1514–0.4675 μg/kg bw/day. The health risk assessment conducted with a hazard quotient showed that perchlorate exposure through tea consumption was under a safety threshold. Nevertheless, if other dietary exposure pathways were considered, health risks to perchlorate for high tea consumers would be paid attention to. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:25:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-22feb060fa684fc6a95e9343ea30c33d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2665-9271 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:25:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Research in Food Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-22feb060fa684fc6a95e9343ea30c33d2023-12-12T04:36:07ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Food Science2665-92712023-01-017100606Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in ChinaYan Li0Shaohua Li1Jun Ren2Jingguang Li3Yunfeng Zhao4Dawei Chen5Yongning Wu6Department of Sanitary Technology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China; Department of Rehabilitation, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, ChinaWuhai Inspection and Testing Center, Wuhai, 016000, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China; Corresponding author.Department of Sanitary Technology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China; Corresponding author. NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit (No. 2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China.Perchlorate is a kind of persistent pollutant which occurs widely in the environment. The news of “high content of perchlorate detected in tea exported from China to Europe” has aroused public concerns on perchlorate in tea. However, limited data on its occurrence in tea and health risks for the tea consumers are available. To this end, this study explored the occurrence and spatial distribution of perchlorate based on 747 tea samples collected from the 13 major tea producing regions in China. Perchlorate was detected in 100% of tea samples. The average concentration of perchlorate was 163 μg/kg with the range from 1.2 μg/kg to 3132 μg/kg. From the perspective of spatial distribution, a remarkable difference was observed for perchlorate concentrations in tea samples between different regions (p < 0.0001), and the average concentration of perchlorate from the central China (409 μg/kg) was higher than that from the eastern (90.7 μg/kg) and western (140 μg/kg) regions. However, this study cannot obtain the difference of perchlorate concentrations between different tea categories. Furthermore, a human exposure assessment of perchlorate intake through tea consumption was performed by deterministic and probabilistic risk assessment. The average chronic daily intake (CDI) to perchlorate of Chinese tea consumers was 0.0183 μg/kg bw/day, however, CDI for high tea consumers (99% and 99.9%) was 0.1514–0.4675 μg/kg bw/day. The health risk assessment conducted with a hazard quotient showed that perchlorate exposure through tea consumption was under a safety threshold. Nevertheless, if other dietary exposure pathways were considered, health risks to perchlorate for high tea consumers would be paid attention to.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665927123001740TeaContaminationExposure assessmentChronic daily intakePerchlorate |
| spellingShingle | Yan Li Shaohua Li Jun Ren Jingguang Li Yunfeng Zhao Dawei Chen Yongning Wu Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China Current Research in Food Science Tea Contamination Exposure assessment Chronic daily intake Perchlorate |
| title | Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China |
| title_full | Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China |
| title_short | Occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in China |
| title_sort | occurrence spatial distribution and risk assessment of perchlorate in tea from typical regions in china |
| topic | Tea Contamination Exposure assessment Chronic daily intake Perchlorate |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665927123001740 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanli occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT shaohuali occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT junren occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT jingguangli occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT yunfengzhao occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT daweichen occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina AT yongningwu occurrencespatialdistributionandriskassessmentofperchlorateinteafromtypicalregionsinchina |