Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage
The ability of bacteriophage (phage), abundant within the gastrointestinal microbiome, to regulate bacterial populations within the same micro-environment offers prophylactic and therapeutic opportunities. Bacteria and phage have both been shown to interact intimately with mucin, and these interacti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/508 |
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| author | Amanda Carroll-Portillo Kellin N. Rumsey Cody A. Braun Derek M. Lin Cristina N. Coffman Joe A. Alcock Sudha B. Singh Henry C. Lin |
| author_facet | Amanda Carroll-Portillo Kellin N. Rumsey Cody A. Braun Derek M. Lin Cristina N. Coffman Joe A. Alcock Sudha B. Singh Henry C. Lin |
| author_sort | Amanda Carroll-Portillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ability of bacteriophage (phage), abundant within the gastrointestinal microbiome, to regulate bacterial populations within the same micro-environment offers prophylactic and therapeutic opportunities. Bacteria and phage have both been shown to interact intimately with mucin, and these interactions invariably effect the outcomes of phage predation within the intestine. To better understand the influence of the gastrointestinal micro-environment on phage predation, we employed enclosed, in vitro systems to investigate the roles of mucin concentration and agitation as a function of phage type and number on bacterial killing. Using two lytic coliphage, T4 and PhiX174, bacterial viability was quantified following exposure to phages at different multiplicities of infection (MOI) within increasing, physiological levels of mucin (0–4%) with and without agitation. Comparison of bacterial viability outcomes demonstrated that at low MOI, agitation in combination with higher mucin concentration (>2%) inhibited phage predation by both phages. However, when MOI was increased, PhiX predation was recovered regardless of mucin concentration or agitation. In contrast, only constant agitation of samples containing a high MOI of T4 demonstrated phage predation; briefly agitated samples remained hindered. Our results demonstrate that each phage–bacteria pairing is uniquely influenced by environmental factors, and these should be considered when determining the potential efficacy of phage predation under homeostatic or therapeutic circumstances. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:22:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2314d43847a0406080755662968166e8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:22:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-2314d43847a0406080755662968166e82023-11-16T22:16:51ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-02-0111250810.3390/microorganisms11020508Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic ColiphageAmanda Carroll-Portillo0Kellin N. Rumsey1Cody A. Braun2Derek M. Lin3Cristina N. Coffman4Joe A. Alcock5Sudha B. Singh6Henry C. Lin7Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USAStatistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USABiomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USABiomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USABiomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USADepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USABiomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USADivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USAThe ability of bacteriophage (phage), abundant within the gastrointestinal microbiome, to regulate bacterial populations within the same micro-environment offers prophylactic and therapeutic opportunities. Bacteria and phage have both been shown to interact intimately with mucin, and these interactions invariably effect the outcomes of phage predation within the intestine. To better understand the influence of the gastrointestinal micro-environment on phage predation, we employed enclosed, in vitro systems to investigate the roles of mucin concentration and agitation as a function of phage type and number on bacterial killing. Using two lytic coliphage, T4 and PhiX174, bacterial viability was quantified following exposure to phages at different multiplicities of infection (MOI) within increasing, physiological levels of mucin (0–4%) with and without agitation. Comparison of bacterial viability outcomes demonstrated that at low MOI, agitation in combination with higher mucin concentration (>2%) inhibited phage predation by both phages. However, when MOI was increased, PhiX predation was recovered regardless of mucin concentration or agitation. In contrast, only constant agitation of samples containing a high MOI of T4 demonstrated phage predation; briefly agitated samples remained hindered. Our results demonstrate that each phage–bacteria pairing is uniquely influenced by environmental factors, and these should be considered when determining the potential efficacy of phage predation under homeostatic or therapeutic circumstances.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/508bacteriophagelyticmucingastrointestinal tractmotility |
| spellingShingle | Amanda Carroll-Portillo Kellin N. Rumsey Cody A. Braun Derek M. Lin Cristina N. Coffman Joe A. Alcock Sudha B. Singh Henry C. Lin Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage Microorganisms bacteriophage lytic mucin gastrointestinal tract motility |
| title | Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage |
| title_full | Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage |
| title_fullStr | Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage |
| title_short | Mucin and Agitation Shape Predation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Lytic Coliphage |
| title_sort | mucin and agitation shape predation of i escherichia coli i by lytic coliphage |
| topic | bacteriophage lytic mucin gastrointestinal tract motility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/508 |
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