Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action
Neurological disorders (NDs) are one of the leading causes of global death. A sustained neuroinflammatory response has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of multiple NDs, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral scle...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.932152/full |
| _version_ | 1818190745673138176 |
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| author | Yajun Shi Bin Wei Lingjun Li Bin Wang Miao Sun |
| author_facet | Yajun Shi Bin Wei Lingjun Li Bin Wang Miao Sun |
| author_sort | Yajun Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurological disorders (NDs) are one of the leading causes of global death. A sustained neuroinflammatory response has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of multiple NDs, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Accumulating evidence shows that the recruitment of abundant lymphocytes in the central nervous system may contribute to promoting the development and progress of inflammation in neurological disorders. As one subset of T lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells have a critical impact on the inflammation of neurological disorders. T helper (Th) 17 is one of the most studied CD4+ Th subpopulations that produces cytokines (e.g., IL-17A, IL-23, IL-21, IL-6, and IFN-γ), leading to the abnormal neuroinflammatory response including the excessive activation of microglia and the recruitment of other immune cell types. All these factors are involved in several neurological disorders. However, the possible mechanisms of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines in the immunopathology of the abovementioned neurological disorders have not been clarified completely. This review will summarize the mechanisms by which encephalitogenic inflammatory Th17 cells and their related cytokines strongly contribute to chronic neuroinflammation, thus perpetuating neurodegenerative processes in NDs. Finally, the potential therapeutic prospects of Th17 cells and their cytokines in NDs will also be discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:03:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-232051a52fcc46e883149fd7ae6a961e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:03:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-232051a52fcc46e883149fd7ae6a961e2022-12-22T00:45:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-07-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.932152932152Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of actionYajun ShiBin WeiLingjun LiBin WangMiao SunNeurological disorders (NDs) are one of the leading causes of global death. A sustained neuroinflammatory response has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of multiple NDs, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Accumulating evidence shows that the recruitment of abundant lymphocytes in the central nervous system may contribute to promoting the development and progress of inflammation in neurological disorders. As one subset of T lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells have a critical impact on the inflammation of neurological disorders. T helper (Th) 17 is one of the most studied CD4+ Th subpopulations that produces cytokines (e.g., IL-17A, IL-23, IL-21, IL-6, and IFN-γ), leading to the abnormal neuroinflammatory response including the excessive activation of microglia and the recruitment of other immune cell types. All these factors are involved in several neurological disorders. However, the possible mechanisms of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines in the immunopathology of the abovementioned neurological disorders have not been clarified completely. This review will summarize the mechanisms by which encephalitogenic inflammatory Th17 cells and their related cytokines strongly contribute to chronic neuroinflammation, thus perpetuating neurodegenerative processes in NDs. Finally, the potential therapeutic prospects of Th17 cells and their cytokines in NDs will also be discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.932152/fullTh17 cellsneurological disordersIL-17Aneuroinflammationimmune systemmicroglia |
| spellingShingle | Yajun Shi Bin Wei Lingjun Li Bin Wang Miao Sun Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action Frontiers in Immunology Th17 cells neurological disorders IL-17A neuroinflammation immune system microglia |
| title | Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action |
| title_full | Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action |
| title_fullStr | Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action |
| title_full_unstemmed | Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action |
| title_short | Th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders: Possible mechanisms of action |
| title_sort | th17 cells and inflammation in neurological disorders possible mechanisms of action |
| topic | Th17 cells neurological disorders IL-17A neuroinflammation immune system microglia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.932152/full |
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