Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities
Abstract Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on the rise due to the prevalence of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Although there are surgical and chemotherapy treatment avenues the mortality rate of HCC remains high. Immunotherapy is currently the new frontier of cancer treatment and the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Molecular Cancer |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1047-6 |
| _version_ | 1818109848867307520 |
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| author | Chen Lu Dawei Rong Betty Zhang Wubin Zheng Xuehao Wang Ziyi Chen Weiwei Tang |
| author_facet | Chen Lu Dawei Rong Betty Zhang Wubin Zheng Xuehao Wang Ziyi Chen Weiwei Tang |
| author_sort | Chen Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on the rise due to the prevalence of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Although there are surgical and chemotherapy treatment avenues the mortality rate of HCC remains high. Immunotherapy is currently the new frontier of cancer treatment and the immunobiology of HCC is emerging as an area for further exploration. The tumor microenvironment coexists and interacts with various immune cells to sustain the growth of HCC. Thus, immunosuppressive cells play an important role in the anti-tumor immune response. This review will discuss the current concepts of immunosuppressive cells, including tumor-associated macrophages, marrow-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated neutrophils, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and regulatory T cell interactions to actively promote tumorigenesis. It further elaborates on current treatment modalities and future areas of exploration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:37:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2330e8cd53304cceb9add770392aecca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-4598 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T02:37:47Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-2330e8cd53304cceb9add770392aecca2022-12-22T01:23:39ZengBMCMolecular Cancer1476-45982019-08-0118111210.1186/s12943-019-1047-6Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunitiesChen Lu0Dawei Rong1Betty Zhang2Wubin Zheng3Xuehao Wang4Ziyi Chen5Weiwei Tang6Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityHepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityMichael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster UniversityDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityHepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast UniversityDepartment of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on the rise due to the prevalence of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Although there are surgical and chemotherapy treatment avenues the mortality rate of HCC remains high. Immunotherapy is currently the new frontier of cancer treatment and the immunobiology of HCC is emerging as an area for further exploration. The tumor microenvironment coexists and interacts with various immune cells to sustain the growth of HCC. Thus, immunosuppressive cells play an important role in the anti-tumor immune response. This review will discuss the current concepts of immunosuppressive cells, including tumor-associated macrophages, marrow-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated neutrophils, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and regulatory T cell interactions to actively promote tumorigenesis. It further elaborates on current treatment modalities and future areas of exploration.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1047-6Hepatocellular carcinomaMacrophagesMyeloid suppressor cellsImmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Chen Lu Dawei Rong Betty Zhang Wubin Zheng Xuehao Wang Ziyi Chen Weiwei Tang Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities Molecular Cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Macrophages Myeloid suppressor cells Immunotherapy |
| title | Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities |
| title_full | Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities |
| title_fullStr | Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities |
| title_short | Current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities |
| title_sort | current perspectives on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma challenges and opportunities |
| topic | Hepatocellular carcinoma Macrophages Myeloid suppressor cells Immunotherapy |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1047-6 |
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