Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation
Mycotoxins (ochratoxin A (20 ppb), aflatoxin B1 (40 ppb), deoxynivalenol (4 ppm), and zearalenone (800 ppb)) were intentionally added to rice bran raw materials. After fermentation, their contents were determined in the distillate and distillery stillage obtained using single-stage and continuous pi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4189 |
| _version_ | 1797400167237812224 |
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| author | Jung-Ah Shin Ki-Teak Lee |
| author_facet | Jung-Ah Shin Ki-Teak Lee |
| author_sort | Jung-Ah Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycotoxins (ochratoxin A (20 ppb), aflatoxin B1 (40 ppb), deoxynivalenol (4 ppm), and zearalenone (800 ppb)) were intentionally added to rice bran raw materials. After fermentation, their contents were determined in the distillate and distillery stillage obtained using single-stage and continuous pilot plant-scale columns. After single-stage distillation, aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone were not detected in the distillate, indicating that even if a certain amount (four times the maximum residue limit (MRL)) was present in the raw material, it would not remain in the distillate after fermentation and distillation. Most mycotoxins remained in the distillery stillage, and their residual rates ranged from 54.0–96.2%. For ochratoxin A, 0.19 ppb was found in the distillate and this migration occurred in three consecutive distillations (0.11–0.22 ppb). Ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 were not detected in the distillate (alcohol content 93.9% and 95.4%, respectively) obtained from the contaminated fermented liquid (approximately three times the MRL based on the raw material) using the pilot-plant scale continuous distillation column. Therefore, the migration of mycotoxins is difficult when the distilled spirit is produced using a continuous distillation column, even if the raw material is contaminated with certain amounts of the investigated mycotoxins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:51:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2344f5435ad846af9720d2dd61c1526d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:51:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-2344f5435ad846af9720d2dd61c1526d2023-12-08T15:15:15ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-11-011223418910.3390/foods12234189Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous DistillationJung-Ah Shin0Ki-Teak Lee1Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 7 Jukheon-gil, Gangneung 25457, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of KoreaMycotoxins (ochratoxin A (20 ppb), aflatoxin B1 (40 ppb), deoxynivalenol (4 ppm), and zearalenone (800 ppb)) were intentionally added to rice bran raw materials. After fermentation, their contents were determined in the distillate and distillery stillage obtained using single-stage and continuous pilot plant-scale columns. After single-stage distillation, aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone were not detected in the distillate, indicating that even if a certain amount (four times the maximum residue limit (MRL)) was present in the raw material, it would not remain in the distillate after fermentation and distillation. Most mycotoxins remained in the distillery stillage, and their residual rates ranged from 54.0–96.2%. For ochratoxin A, 0.19 ppb was found in the distillate and this migration occurred in three consecutive distillations (0.11–0.22 ppb). Ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 were not detected in the distillate (alcohol content 93.9% and 95.4%, respectively) obtained from the contaminated fermented liquid (approximately three times the MRL based on the raw material) using the pilot-plant scale continuous distillation column. Therefore, the migration of mycotoxins is difficult when the distilled spirit is produced using a continuous distillation column, even if the raw material is contaminated with certain amounts of the investigated mycotoxins.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4189mycotoxin residuedistillate migrationdistillationethanol fermentationdistilled spirits |
| spellingShingle | Jung-Ah Shin Ki-Teak Lee Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation Foods mycotoxin residue distillate migration distillation ethanol fermentation distilled spirits |
| title | Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation |
| title_full | Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation |
| title_fullStr | Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation |
| title_short | Migration Degree of Selected Mycotoxins in the Distillation Process and Their Determination in Distilled Spirits from Pilot-Scale Continuous Distillation |
| title_sort | migration degree of selected mycotoxins in the distillation process and their determination in distilled spirits from pilot scale continuous distillation |
| topic | mycotoxin residue distillate migration distillation ethanol fermentation distilled spirits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/23/4189 |
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