Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It
Improving leaf photosynthetic capacity is one of the most promising approaches to further boost crop yield. Clarifying factors limiting leaf photosynthetic capacity, especially in C<sub>3</sub> crops, is meaningful for designing strategies to improve it. Leaf net photosynthetic rate (<...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1830 |
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| author | Miao Ye Meng Wu Yu Zhang Zeyu Wang Hao Zhang Zujian Zhang |
| author_facet | Miao Ye Meng Wu Yu Zhang Zeyu Wang Hao Zhang Zujian Zhang |
| author_sort | Miao Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Improving leaf photosynthetic capacity is one of the most promising approaches to further boost crop yield. Clarifying factors limiting leaf photosynthetic capacity, especially in C<sub>3</sub> crops, is meaningful for designing strategies to improve it. Leaf net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>) is one of the parameters describing leaf photosynthetic capacity. In the present study, physiological factors limiting <i>A</i> in C<sub>3</sub> crops such as rice were discussed and different approaches for <i>A</i> improvement were summarized to provide theoretical guidance for increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity. <i>A</i> will be limited by both CO<sub>2</sub> availability and light intensity over periods from a few hours to several days, and by one of them over shorter intervals. Under current ambient atmospheric conditions, <i>A</i> of C<sub>3</sub> crops is mainly limited by Rubisco activity and the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in chloroplasts. Leaf nitrogen content affects <i>A</i> by regulating Rubisco content and leaf anatomy; leaf morphological and anatomical traits limit <i>A</i> by impacting stomatal and mesophyll CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion. Further improvements of <i>A</i> in C<sub>3</sub> crops can be achieved by designing or introducing high-activity Rubisco; adjusting leaf nitrogen allocation to optimize leaf anatomy and leaf chemical composition; modifying leaf morphology and anatomy for greater CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion; improving the activity of proteins and enzymes associated with sugar transportation and utilization; introducing C<sub>4</sub> photosynthetic mechanisms and combining high photosynthetic traits by conventional breeding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:48:34Z |
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| id | doaj.art-2345666d5efc4c6195ac23f4cf8012eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-2345666d5efc4c6195ac23f4cf8012eb2023-12-03T13:12:03ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-08-01128183010.3390/agronomy12081830Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving ItMiao Ye0Meng Wu1Yu Zhang2Zeyu Wang3Hao Zhang4Zujian Zhang5Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaImproving leaf photosynthetic capacity is one of the most promising approaches to further boost crop yield. Clarifying factors limiting leaf photosynthetic capacity, especially in C<sub>3</sub> crops, is meaningful for designing strategies to improve it. Leaf net photosynthetic rate (<i>A</i>) is one of the parameters describing leaf photosynthetic capacity. In the present study, physiological factors limiting <i>A</i> in C<sub>3</sub> crops such as rice were discussed and different approaches for <i>A</i> improvement were summarized to provide theoretical guidance for increasing leaf photosynthetic capacity. <i>A</i> will be limited by both CO<sub>2</sub> availability and light intensity over periods from a few hours to several days, and by one of them over shorter intervals. Under current ambient atmospheric conditions, <i>A</i> of C<sub>3</sub> crops is mainly limited by Rubisco activity and the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in chloroplasts. Leaf nitrogen content affects <i>A</i> by regulating Rubisco content and leaf anatomy; leaf morphological and anatomical traits limit <i>A</i> by impacting stomatal and mesophyll CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion. Further improvements of <i>A</i> in C<sub>3</sub> crops can be achieved by designing or introducing high-activity Rubisco; adjusting leaf nitrogen allocation to optimize leaf anatomy and leaf chemical composition; modifying leaf morphology and anatomy for greater CO<sub>2</sub> diffusion; improving the activity of proteins and enzymes associated with sugar transportation and utilization; introducing C<sub>4</sub> photosynthetic mechanisms and combining high photosynthetic traits by conventional breeding.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1830C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesisRubiscoleaf nitrogen contentstomatal conductanceleaf hydraulicsleaf vein traits |
| spellingShingle | Miao Ye Meng Wu Yu Zhang Zeyu Wang Hao Zhang Zujian Zhang Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It Agronomy C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesis Rubisco leaf nitrogen content stomatal conductance leaf hydraulics leaf vein traits |
| title | Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It |
| title_full | Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It |
| title_fullStr | Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It |
| title_short | Physiological Factors Limiting Leaf Net Photosynthetic Rate in C<sub>3</sub> Crops like Rice and Approaches for Improving It |
| title_sort | physiological factors limiting leaf net photosynthetic rate in c sub 3 sub crops like rice and approaches for improving it |
| topic | C<sub>3</sub> photosynthesis Rubisco leaf nitrogen content stomatal conductance leaf hydraulics leaf vein traits |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/8/1830 |
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