Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation
Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is one of several enzymes that generate the key metabolic intermediate, acetyl-CoA. In microbes and mammals ACS activity is regulated by the post-translational acetylation of a key lysine residue. ACS in plant cells is part of a two-enzyme system that maintains acetate ho...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2023.1117921/full |
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| author | Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Dirk C. Winkelman Dirk C. Winkelman Karina Leung Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau |
| author_facet | Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Dirk C. Winkelman Dirk C. Winkelman Karina Leung Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau |
| author_sort | Naazneen Sofeo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is one of several enzymes that generate the key metabolic intermediate, acetyl-CoA. In microbes and mammals ACS activity is regulated by the post-translational acetylation of a key lysine residue. ACS in plant cells is part of a two-enzyme system that maintains acetate homeostasis, but its post-translational regulation is unknown. This study demonstrates that the plant ACS activity can be regulated by the acetylation of a specific lysine residue that is positioned in a homologous position as the microbial and mammalian ACS sequences that regulates ACS activity, occurring in the middle of a conserved motif, near the carboxyl-end of the protein. The inhibitory effect of the acetylation of residue Lys-622 of the Arabidopsis ACS was demonstrated by site-directed mutagenesis of this residue, including its genetic substitution with the non-canonical N-ε-acetyl-lysine residue. This latter modification lowered the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme by a factor of more than 500-fold. Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of the mutant enzyme indicates that this acetylation affects the first half-reaction of the ACS catalyzed reaction, namely, the formation of the acetyl adenylate enzyme intermediate. The post-translational acetylation of the plant ACS could affect acetate flux in the plastids and overall acetate homeostasis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:08:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23588e8a10744b6996137e138c5778fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:08:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-23588e8a10744b6996137e138c5778fd2023-03-16T13:47:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2023-03-011010.3389/fmolb.2023.11179211117921Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylationNaazneen Sofeo0Naazneen Sofeo1Naazneen Sofeo2Dirk C. Winkelman3Dirk C. Winkelman4Karina Leung5Basil J. Nikolau6Basil J. Nikolau7Basil J. Nikolau8Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesEngineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesCenter for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesRoy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesCenter for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesEngineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesRoy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesEngineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesCenter for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United StatesAcetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) is one of several enzymes that generate the key metabolic intermediate, acetyl-CoA. In microbes and mammals ACS activity is regulated by the post-translational acetylation of a key lysine residue. ACS in plant cells is part of a two-enzyme system that maintains acetate homeostasis, but its post-translational regulation is unknown. This study demonstrates that the plant ACS activity can be regulated by the acetylation of a specific lysine residue that is positioned in a homologous position as the microbial and mammalian ACS sequences that regulates ACS activity, occurring in the middle of a conserved motif, near the carboxyl-end of the protein. The inhibitory effect of the acetylation of residue Lys-622 of the Arabidopsis ACS was demonstrated by site-directed mutagenesis of this residue, including its genetic substitution with the non-canonical N-ε-acetyl-lysine residue. This latter modification lowered the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme by a factor of more than 500-fold. Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of the mutant enzyme indicates that this acetylation affects the first half-reaction of the ACS catalyzed reaction, namely, the formation of the acetyl adenylate enzyme intermediate. The post-translational acetylation of the plant ACS could affect acetate flux in the plastids and overall acetate homeostasis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2023.1117921/fullacetyl-CoA synthetaseacetylationarabidopsisgenetic code expansionpost-translation modificationregulation |
| spellingShingle | Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Naazneen Sofeo Dirk C. Winkelman Dirk C. Winkelman Karina Leung Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau Basil J. Nikolau Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences acetyl-CoA synthetase acetylation arabidopsis genetic code expansion post-translation modification regulation |
| title | Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation |
| title_full | Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation |
| title_fullStr | Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation |
| title_short | Modulation of plant acetyl-CoA synthetase activity by post-translational lysine acetylation |
| title_sort | modulation of plant acetyl coa synthetase activity by post translational lysine acetylation |
| topic | acetyl-CoA synthetase acetylation arabidopsis genetic code expansion post-translation modification regulation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2023.1117921/full |
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