vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target
Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and fatal form of primary brain tumors. New targeted therapeutic strategies for this type of tumor are imperative given the dire prognosis for glioblastoma patients and the poor results of current multimodal therapy. Previously reported drawbacks of antibody-based...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Antibodies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/13/1/25 |
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| author | Alejandro Manzanares-Guzmán Pavel H. Lugo-Fabres Tanya A. Camacho-Villegas |
| author_facet | Alejandro Manzanares-Guzmán Pavel H. Lugo-Fabres Tanya A. Camacho-Villegas |
| author_sort | Alejandro Manzanares-Guzmán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and fatal form of primary brain tumors. New targeted therapeutic strategies for this type of tumor are imperative given the dire prognosis for glioblastoma patients and the poor results of current multimodal therapy. Previously reported drawbacks of antibody-based therapeutics include the inability to translocate across the blood–brain barrier and reach intracellular targets due to their molecular weight. These disadvantages translate into poor target neutralization and cancer maintenance. Unlike conventional antibodies, vNARs can permeate tissues and recognize conformational or cryptic epitopes due to their stability, CDR3 amino acid sequence, and smaller molecular weight. Thus, vNARs represent a potential antibody format to use as intrabodies or soluble immunocarriers. This review comprehensively summarizes key intracellular pathways in glioblastoma cells that induce proliferation, progression, and cancer survival to determine a new potential targeted glioblastoma therapy based on previously reported vNARs. The results seek to support the next application of vNARs as single-domain antibody drug-conjugated therapies, which could overcome the disadvantages of conventional monoclonal antibodies and provide an innovative approach for glioblastoma treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:36:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23591c975aaf41b4b52eeadca6135dee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4468 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:36:22Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibodies |
| spelling | doaj.art-23591c975aaf41b4b52eeadca6135dee2024-03-27T13:18:21ZengMDPI AGAntibodies2073-44682024-03-011312510.3390/antib13010025vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a TargetAlejandro Manzanares-Guzmán0Pavel H. Lugo-Fabres1Tanya A. Camacho-Villegas2Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara 44270, MexicoConsejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT)—Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara 44270, MexicoConsejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT)—Unidad de Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara 44270, MexicoGlioblastoma is the most prevalent and fatal form of primary brain tumors. New targeted therapeutic strategies for this type of tumor are imperative given the dire prognosis for glioblastoma patients and the poor results of current multimodal therapy. Previously reported drawbacks of antibody-based therapeutics include the inability to translocate across the blood–brain barrier and reach intracellular targets due to their molecular weight. These disadvantages translate into poor target neutralization and cancer maintenance. Unlike conventional antibodies, vNARs can permeate tissues and recognize conformational or cryptic epitopes due to their stability, CDR3 amino acid sequence, and smaller molecular weight. Thus, vNARs represent a potential antibody format to use as intrabodies or soluble immunocarriers. This review comprehensively summarizes key intracellular pathways in glioblastoma cells that induce proliferation, progression, and cancer survival to determine a new potential targeted glioblastoma therapy based on previously reported vNARs. The results seek to support the next application of vNARs as single-domain antibody drug-conjugated therapies, which could overcome the disadvantages of conventional monoclonal antibodies and provide an innovative approach for glioblastoma treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/13/1/25cancer immunotherapyglioblastomamolecular targeted therapyvariable new antigen receptors (vNARs)intrabodiesreceptor tyrosine kinase |
| spellingShingle | Alejandro Manzanares-Guzmán Pavel H. Lugo-Fabres Tanya A. Camacho-Villegas vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target Antibodies cancer immunotherapy glioblastoma molecular targeted therapy variable new antigen receptors (vNARs) intrabodies receptor tyrosine kinase |
| title | vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target |
| title_full | vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target |
| title_fullStr | vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target |
| title_full_unstemmed | vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target |
| title_short | vNARs as Neutralizing Intracellular Therapeutic Agents: Glioblastoma as a Target |
| title_sort | vnars as neutralizing intracellular therapeutic agents glioblastoma as a target |
| topic | cancer immunotherapy glioblastoma molecular targeted therapy variable new antigen receptors (vNARs) intrabodies receptor tyrosine kinase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4468/13/1/25 |
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