In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata)
Fish are constantly exposed to microorganisms in the aquatic environment, many of which are bacterial pathogens. Bacterial pathogens activate the innate immune response in fish involving the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that, in addition to their immune-related role, can affect non-immun...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/6/4/36 |
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| author | Efthimia Antonopoulou Elisavet Kaitetzidou Barbara Castellana Nikolas Panteli Dimitrios Kyriakis Yoryia Vraskou Josep V. Planas |
| author_facet | Efthimia Antonopoulou Elisavet Kaitetzidou Barbara Castellana Nikolas Panteli Dimitrios Kyriakis Yoryia Vraskou Josep V. Planas |
| author_sort | Efthimia Antonopoulou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fish are constantly exposed to microorganisms in the aquatic environment, many of which are bacterial pathogens. Bacterial pathogens activate the innate immune response in fish involving the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that, in addition to their immune-related role, can affect non-immune tissues. In the present study, we aimed at investigating how inflammatory responses can affect metabolic homeostasis in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a teleost of considerable economic importance in Southern European countries. Specifically, we mimicked a bacterial infection by in vivo administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 6 mg/kg body weight) and measured metabolic parameters in the blood and, importantly, the mRNA expression levels of the three isotypes of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARα, β, and γ) in metabolically-relevant tissues in seabream. PPARs are nuclear receptors that are important for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in mammals and that act as biological sensors of altered lipid metabolism. We show here that LPS-induced inflammatory responses result in the modulation of triglyceride plasma levels that are accompanied most notably by a decrease in the hepatic mRNA expression levels of PPARα, β, and γ and by the up-regulation of PPARγ expression only in adipose tissue and the anterior intestine. In addition, LPS-induced inflammation results in an increase in the hepatic mRNA expression and protein activity levels of members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, known in mammals to regulate the transcription and activity of PPARs. Our results provide evidence for the involvement of PPARs in the metabolic response to inflammatory stimuli in seabream and offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the redirection of metabolic activities under inflammatory conditions in vertebrates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:15:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2360032cda4443f98c9084eb004e2ac4 |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:15:25Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2360032cda4443f98c9084eb004e2ac42023-09-03T02:35:25ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372017-09-01643610.3390/biology6040036biology6040036In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata)Efthimia Antonopoulou0Elisavet Kaitetzidou1Barbara Castellana2Nikolas Panteli3Dimitrios Kyriakis4Yoryia Vraskou5Josep V. Planas6Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, SpainFish are constantly exposed to microorganisms in the aquatic environment, many of which are bacterial pathogens. Bacterial pathogens activate the innate immune response in fish involving the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that, in addition to their immune-related role, can affect non-immune tissues. In the present study, we aimed at investigating how inflammatory responses can affect metabolic homeostasis in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a teleost of considerable economic importance in Southern European countries. Specifically, we mimicked a bacterial infection by in vivo administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 6 mg/kg body weight) and measured metabolic parameters in the blood and, importantly, the mRNA expression levels of the three isotypes of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARα, β, and γ) in metabolically-relevant tissues in seabream. PPARs are nuclear receptors that are important for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in mammals and that act as biological sensors of altered lipid metabolism. We show here that LPS-induced inflammatory responses result in the modulation of triglyceride plasma levels that are accompanied most notably by a decrease in the hepatic mRNA expression levels of PPARα, β, and γ and by the up-regulation of PPARγ expression only in adipose tissue and the anterior intestine. In addition, LPS-induced inflammation results in an increase in the hepatic mRNA expression and protein activity levels of members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, known in mammals to regulate the transcription and activity of PPARs. Our results provide evidence for the involvement of PPARs in the metabolic response to inflammatory stimuli in seabream and offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the redirection of metabolic activities under inflammatory conditions in vertebrates.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/6/4/36PPARMAPKlipopolysaccharideseabreamfish |
| spellingShingle | Efthimia Antonopoulou Elisavet Kaitetzidou Barbara Castellana Nikolas Panteli Dimitrios Kyriakis Yoryia Vraskou Josep V. Planas In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) Biology PPAR MAPK lipopolysaccharide seabream fish |
| title | In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) |
| title_full | In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) |
| title_fullStr | In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) |
| title_short | In Vivo Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Expression in Juvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata) |
| title_sort | in vivo effects of lipopolysaccharide on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor expression in juvenile gilthead seabream sparus aurata |
| topic | PPAR MAPK lipopolysaccharide seabream fish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/6/4/36 |
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