Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits
Objective: To know and assess the levels of Vitamin D in healthy infants without having the signs of Vitamin D deficiency on radiological and clinical aspects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Baqai Medical University Hospital Karachi. The sampling technique use...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KARACHI MEDICAL AND DENTAL COLLEGE
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Annals of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical & Dental College |
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| Online Access: | https://www.annals-ashkmdc.org/index.php/ashkmdc/article/view/127 |
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| author | Shujauddin Quazi Jalaluddin Akbar Syed Zafar Mehdi |
| author_facet | Shujauddin Quazi Jalaluddin Akbar Syed Zafar Mehdi |
| author_sort | Shujauddin Quazi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Objective: To know and assess the levels of Vitamin D in healthy infants without having the signs of Vitamin D deficiency on radiological and clinical aspects.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Baqai Medical University Hospital Karachi. The sampling technique used was non-probability consecutive. Total 145 infants were included in this cross sectional study that were apparently healthy and showed no features of Vitamin D defi- ciency clinically and radiologically within the age of two to six month. Sample size calculated was 145. Infants on Vitamin D supplementation, with renal, hepatic or congenital heart disease, gastrointesti- nal problems, low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation were excluded from the study.
Results: The feeding habits were breast feeding, formula feeding and mixed feeding as 62 (72.7%), 41 (28.3%) and 42 (29%) respectively. Vitamin D level were defined in three categories in which 57 (39.3%) were deficient, 39 (27%) were insufficient and 49 (33.8%) were found to be sufficient. Vitamin D levels were compared with weight to know the significance. It was discovered that Vitamins D and weight had a significant association with p-value of 0.02. There was no difference observed in length and Vitamin D levels with a p-value of 0.155 and OFC (occipital-frontal circumference) and Vitamin D levels with p-value of 0.491.
Conclusion: Frequency of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is quite common even in apparently healthy infants. The levels of Vitamin D in normal healthy infants of two to six month of age were defi- cient. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency was related to the feeding habits of the infants. The infants on breast feeding had sufficient Vitamin D levels in most cases whereas it was deficient in formula and mixed feed of infants.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:30:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-236175ff167b482a96388f5ebaff436b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1563-3241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:30:58Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | KARACHI MEDICAL AND DENTAL COLLEGE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical & Dental College |
| spelling | doaj.art-236175ff167b482a96388f5ebaff436b2024-01-06T06:19:02ZengKARACHI MEDICAL AND DENTAL COLLEGEAnnals of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical & Dental College1563-32412017-09-0122310.58397/ashkmdc.v22i3.127112Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding HabitsShujauddin QuaziJalaluddin AkbarSyed Zafar Mehdi Objective: To know and assess the levels of Vitamin D in healthy infants without having the signs of Vitamin D deficiency on radiological and clinical aspects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Baqai Medical University Hospital Karachi. The sampling technique used was non-probability consecutive. Total 145 infants were included in this cross sectional study that were apparently healthy and showed no features of Vitamin D defi- ciency clinically and radiologically within the age of two to six month. Sample size calculated was 145. Infants on Vitamin D supplementation, with renal, hepatic or congenital heart disease, gastrointesti- nal problems, low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation were excluded from the study. Results: The feeding habits were breast feeding, formula feeding and mixed feeding as 62 (72.7%), 41 (28.3%) and 42 (29%) respectively. Vitamin D level were defined in three categories in which 57 (39.3%) were deficient, 39 (27%) were insufficient and 49 (33.8%) were found to be sufficient. Vitamin D levels were compared with weight to know the significance. It was discovered that Vitamins D and weight had a significant association with p-value of 0.02. There was no difference observed in length and Vitamin D levels with a p-value of 0.155 and OFC (occipital-frontal circumference) and Vitamin D levels with p-value of 0.491. Conclusion: Frequency of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is quite common even in apparently healthy infants. The levels of Vitamin D in normal healthy infants of two to six month of age were defi- cient. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency was related to the feeding habits of the infants. The infants on breast feeding had sufficient Vitamin D levels in most cases whereas it was deficient in formula and mixed feed of infants. https://www.annals-ashkmdc.org/index.php/ashkmdc/article/view/127Vitamin D levels, infants, feeding behavior, breast feeding, infant formula. |
| spellingShingle | Shujauddin Quazi Jalaluddin Akbar Syed Zafar Mehdi Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits Annals of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical & Dental College Vitamin D levels, infants, feeding behavior, breast feeding, infant formula. |
| title | Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits |
| title_full | Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits |
| title_short | Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Healthy Infants: A Cross-Sectional Survey Highlighting the Relationship of Vitamin D with Feeding Habits |
| title_sort | assessment of vitamin d levels in healthy infants a cross sectional survey highlighting the relationship of vitamin d with feeding habits |
| topic | Vitamin D levels, infants, feeding behavior, breast feeding, infant formula. |
| url | https://www.annals-ashkmdc.org/index.php/ashkmdc/article/view/127 |
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