N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Neisseria meningitidis causes severe life-threatening meningococcal disease with a case fatality rate of 10–15% even with proper treatment. In Ethiopia, particularly in our study area, inadequate information is found on meningococcal disease. So, this study aimed to assess N. men...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00462-z |
| _version_ | 1811267673067094016 |
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| author | Samuel Assefa Alemseged Abdissa Yared Alemu Lencho Girma Degemu Sahlu |
| author_facet | Samuel Assefa Alemseged Abdissa Yared Alemu Lencho Girma Degemu Sahlu |
| author_sort | Samuel Assefa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Neisseria meningitidis causes severe life-threatening meningococcal disease with a case fatality rate of 10–15% even with proper treatment. In Ethiopia, particularly in our study area, inadequate information is found on meningococcal disease. So, this study aimed to assess N. meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, from May to October 2019. A stratified sampling technique was used and proportional allocation was done. A total of 550 oropharyngeal swabs were collected, processed, isolated, and identified N. meningitidis using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotics susceptibility test was done for isolates using the disk diffusion method. Data on demographic and associated factors for carriage were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were summarized using frequency, percentage, graph, and table. A logistic regression model was used to see the association between the dependent and independent variables. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 during bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis to identify factors significantly associated with the meningococcal carriage and, a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result Out of the 550 study participants, 76(13.8%) with (CI: 7.20–18.20) were found carriers of N meningitidis. The predominant isolates were non-serogroupable 26(34.2%) and serogroup W/Y 22(28.9%), respectively. N. meningitidis isolates showed highest sensitivity to chloramphenicol 74(97.4%). Meningococcal carriage rate was significantly associated with being age group of 16–20 years; having respiratory symptoms within 3 months and active cigarette smoking within 3 months. Conclusions The majority of participants harbor most of the serogroups responsible for invasive cases of meningococcal disease. Respiratory symptoms, active cigarette smoking, and age group of 16–20 years increased the risk of N. meningitidis pharyngeal carriage rate. This study suggests providing better health education to control respiratory symptoms, smoking, and providing antibiotic prophylaxis for prisoners. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:06:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2366d7a4139347bab551b2a08c5e5c5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1349-4147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:06:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-2366d7a4139347bab551b2a08c5e5c5e2022-12-22T03:16:41ZengBMCTropical Medicine and Health1349-41472022-09-0150111110.1186/s41182-022-00462-zN eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional studySamuel Assefa0Alemseged Abdissa1Yared Alemu2Lencho Girma3Degemu Sahlu4Mizan Aman Health Science CollegeArmeur Hansen Research InstituteCollege of Health Science Department of Medical Laboratory, Jimma UniversityMizan Aman Health Science CollegeCollege of Health Science Department of Public Health, Salale UniversityAbstract Background Neisseria meningitidis causes severe life-threatening meningococcal disease with a case fatality rate of 10–15% even with proper treatment. In Ethiopia, particularly in our study area, inadequate information is found on meningococcal disease. So, this study aimed to assess N. meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, from May to October 2019. A stratified sampling technique was used and proportional allocation was done. A total of 550 oropharyngeal swabs were collected, processed, isolated, and identified N. meningitidis using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotics susceptibility test was done for isolates using the disk diffusion method. Data on demographic and associated factors for carriage were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were summarized using frequency, percentage, graph, and table. A logistic regression model was used to see the association between the dependent and independent variables. Variables with a p-value < 0.25 during bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis to identify factors significantly associated with the meningococcal carriage and, a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result Out of the 550 study participants, 76(13.8%) with (CI: 7.20–18.20) were found carriers of N meningitidis. The predominant isolates were non-serogroupable 26(34.2%) and serogroup W/Y 22(28.9%), respectively. N. meningitidis isolates showed highest sensitivity to chloramphenicol 74(97.4%). Meningococcal carriage rate was significantly associated with being age group of 16–20 years; having respiratory symptoms within 3 months and active cigarette smoking within 3 months. Conclusions The majority of participants harbor most of the serogroups responsible for invasive cases of meningococcal disease. Respiratory symptoms, active cigarette smoking, and age group of 16–20 years increased the risk of N. meningitidis pharyngeal carriage rate. This study suggests providing better health education to control respiratory symptoms, smoking, and providing antibiotic prophylaxis for prisoners.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00462-zMeningitidesSerogroupPrisonerPharyngealCarriageAntibiotic |
| spellingShingle | Samuel Assefa Alemseged Abdissa Yared Alemu Lencho Girma Degemu Sahlu N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study Tropical Medicine and Health Meningitides Serogroup Prisoner Pharyngeal Carriage Antibiotic |
| title | N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | N eisseria meningitidis carriage rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and associated factors among prisoners at Jimma zonal correction facility in Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | n eisseria meningitidis carriage rate antibiotic susceptibility profile and associated factors among prisoners at jimma zonal correction facility in jimma town southwestern ethiopia a cross sectional study |
| topic | Meningitides Serogroup Prisoner Pharyngeal Carriage Antibiotic |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00462-z |
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