Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA
Protocols used to collect fish skin mucus may inadvertently compromise the sampled fish or the resulting sample. Here, we used three methods (wiping, scraping, and absorption) to collect skin mucus from Atlantic salmon and compared their invasiveness on fish skin epithelium. We found that the absorp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/8/1374 |
| _version_ | 1797559599836954624 |
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| author | Haitham Tartor Adérito Luis Monjane Søren Grove |
| author_facet | Haitham Tartor Adérito Luis Monjane Søren Grove |
| author_sort | Haitham Tartor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Protocols used to collect fish skin mucus may inadvertently compromise the sampled fish or the resulting sample. Here, we used three methods (wiping, scraping, and absorption) to collect skin mucus from Atlantic salmon and compared their invasiveness on fish skin epithelium. We found that the absorption method was the least invasive. We also compared the abundance of antigen-specific immunoglobulin M subtype A antibodies (IgM-A Ab) and complement component 5 (C5) in mucus samples collected from vaccinated fish by the three methods. An enzyme-cascade-amplification strategy colorimetric immune assay was optimized and used to analyze IgM-A, and ELISA was used to analyze C5. The abundance of antigen-specific IgM-A in skin mucus was comparable between the three methods, but C5 was significantly lower in absorbed mucus in comparison to in the wiped or scraped mucus samples. Absorbed skin mucus samples collected from various body regions of salmon, levels of C5 were comparable, while specific IgM-A amounts varied between the regions. By comparing three mucus-absorbing materials (medical wipe, gauze, and cotton) for their ability to absorb and release IgM-A and C5, medical wipes proved to be ideal for IgM-A analysis, whereas gauze was the best for C5 analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:47:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2369101bb1944120814917ffd5083248 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:47:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-2369101bb1944120814917ffd50832482023-11-20T09:28:27ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-08-01108137410.3390/ani10081374Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISAHaitham Tartor0Adérito Luis Monjane1Søren Grove2Fish Health Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, NorwayFish Health Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, NorwayFish Health Research Group, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750, Sentrum, N-0106 Oslo, NorwayProtocols used to collect fish skin mucus may inadvertently compromise the sampled fish or the resulting sample. Here, we used three methods (wiping, scraping, and absorption) to collect skin mucus from Atlantic salmon and compared their invasiveness on fish skin epithelium. We found that the absorption method was the least invasive. We also compared the abundance of antigen-specific immunoglobulin M subtype A antibodies (IgM-A Ab) and complement component 5 (C5) in mucus samples collected from vaccinated fish by the three methods. An enzyme-cascade-amplification strategy colorimetric immune assay was optimized and used to analyze IgM-A, and ELISA was used to analyze C5. The abundance of antigen-specific IgM-A in skin mucus was comparable between the three methods, but C5 was significantly lower in absorbed mucus in comparison to in the wiped or scraped mucus samples. Absorbed skin mucus samples collected from various body regions of salmon, levels of C5 were comparable, while specific IgM-A amounts varied between the regions. By comparing three mucus-absorbing materials (medical wipe, gauze, and cotton) for their ability to absorb and release IgM-A and C5, medical wipes proved to be ideal for IgM-A analysis, whereas gauze was the best for C5 analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/8/1374<i>Atlantic salmon</i>skin mucusgill mucusminimally invasive samplingspecific IgM antibodiescomplement component 5 |
| spellingShingle | Haitham Tartor Adérito Luis Monjane Søren Grove Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA Animals <i>Atlantic salmon</i> skin mucus gill mucus minimally invasive sampling specific IgM antibodies complement component 5 |
| title | Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA |
| title_full | Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA |
| title_fullStr | Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA |
| title_short | Quantification of Defensive Proteins in Skin Mucus of <i>Atlantic salmon</i> Using Minimally Invasive Sampling and High-Sensitivity ELISA |
| title_sort | quantification of defensive proteins in skin mucus of i atlantic salmon i using minimally invasive sampling and high sensitivity elisa |
| topic | <i>Atlantic salmon</i> skin mucus gill mucus minimally invasive sampling specific IgM antibodies complement component 5 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/8/1374 |
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