Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant
Microencapsulation of bioactive substances is a common strategy for their protection and release rate control. The use of chitosan (Ch) is particularly promising due to its abundance, biocompatibility, and interaction with anionic surfactants to form complexes of different characteristics with relev...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/1/54 |
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| author | Jelena Milinković Budinčić Lidija Petrović Ljiljana Đekić Milijana Aleksić Jadranka Fraj Senka Popović Sandra Bučko Jaroslav Katona Ljiljana Spasojević Jelena Škrbić Anđelija Malenović |
| author_facet | Jelena Milinković Budinčić Lidija Petrović Ljiljana Đekić Milijana Aleksić Jadranka Fraj Senka Popović Sandra Bučko Jaroslav Katona Ljiljana Spasojević Jelena Škrbić Anđelija Malenović |
| author_sort | Jelena Milinković Budinčić |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microencapsulation of bioactive substances is a common strategy for their protection and release rate control. The use of chitosan (Ch) is particularly promising due to its abundance, biocompatibility, and interaction with anionic surfactants to form complexes of different characteristics with relevance for use in microcapsule wall design. In this study, Ch/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) microcapsules, without and with cross-linking agent (formaldehyde (FA) or glutaraldehyde (GA)), were obtained by the spray drying of vitamin E loaded oil-in-water emulsion. All of the microcapsules had good stability during the drying process. Depending on the composition, their product yield, moisture content, and encapsulation efficiency varied between 11–34%, 1.14–1.62%, and 94–126%, respectively. SEM and FTIR analysis results indicate that SDS as well as cross-linkers significantly affected the microcapsule wall properties. The profiles of in vitro vitamin E release from the investigated microcapsules fit with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (r<sup>2</sup> > 0.9). The chemical structure of the anionic surfactant was found to have a significant effect on the vitamin E release mechanism. Ch/SDS coacervates may build a microcapsule wall without toxic crosslinkers. This enabled the combined diffusion/swelling based release mechanism of the encapsulated lipophilic substance, which can be considered favorable for utilization in food and pharmaceutical products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:44:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-236a76751d594a6581a511ac2673dccc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:44:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj.art-236a76751d594a6581a511ac2673dccc2023-11-23T15:01:22ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472021-12-011515410.3390/ph15010054Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic SurfactantJelena Milinković Budinčić0Lidija Petrović1Ljiljana Đekić2Milijana Aleksić3Jadranka Fraj4Senka Popović5Sandra Bučko6Jaroslav Katona7Ljiljana Spasojević8Jelena Škrbić9Anđelija Malenović10Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Food Preservation Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Applied and Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Applied and Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Applied and Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Applied and Engineering Chemistry, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaDepartment of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, SerbiaMicroencapsulation of bioactive substances is a common strategy for their protection and release rate control. The use of chitosan (Ch) is particularly promising due to its abundance, biocompatibility, and interaction with anionic surfactants to form complexes of different characteristics with relevance for use in microcapsule wall design. In this study, Ch/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) microcapsules, without and with cross-linking agent (formaldehyde (FA) or glutaraldehyde (GA)), were obtained by the spray drying of vitamin E loaded oil-in-water emulsion. All of the microcapsules had good stability during the drying process. Depending on the composition, their product yield, moisture content, and encapsulation efficiency varied between 11–34%, 1.14–1.62%, and 94–126%, respectively. SEM and FTIR analysis results indicate that SDS as well as cross-linkers significantly affected the microcapsule wall properties. The profiles of in vitro vitamin E release from the investigated microcapsules fit with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (r<sup>2</sup> > 0.9). The chemical structure of the anionic surfactant was found to have a significant effect on the vitamin E release mechanism. Ch/SDS coacervates may build a microcapsule wall without toxic crosslinkers. This enabled the combined diffusion/swelling based release mechanism of the encapsulated lipophilic substance, which can be considered favorable for utilization in food and pharmaceutical products.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/1/54chitosansodium dodecyl sulfatevitamin Emicroencapsulationspray drying in vitro release kinetics |
| spellingShingle | Jelena Milinković Budinčić Lidija Petrović Ljiljana Đekić Milijana Aleksić Jadranka Fraj Senka Popović Sandra Bučko Jaroslav Katona Ljiljana Spasojević Jelena Škrbić Anđelija Malenović Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant Pharmaceuticals chitosan sodium dodecyl sulfate vitamin E microencapsulation spray drying in vitro release kinetics |
| title | Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant |
| title_full | Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant |
| title_fullStr | Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant |
| title_short | Chitosan/Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Complexes for Microencapsulation of Vitamin E and Its Release Profile—Understanding the Effect of Anionic Surfactant |
| title_sort | chitosan sodium dodecyl sulfate complexes for microencapsulation of vitamin e and its release profile understanding the effect of anionic surfactant |
| topic | chitosan sodium dodecyl sulfate vitamin E microencapsulation spray drying in vitro release kinetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/15/1/54 |
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