Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecological cancers, with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rate. Peritoneal dissemination (or carcinomatosis) accompanied by ascites formation is the most unfavorable factor in the progression and recurrence of OC. Tumor cells in ascites a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6215 |
| _version_ | 1797493012949893120 |
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| author | Militsa Rakina Anna Kazakova Alisa Villert Larisa Kolomiets Irina Larionova |
| author_facet | Militsa Rakina Anna Kazakova Alisa Villert Larisa Kolomiets Irina Larionova |
| author_sort | Militsa Rakina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecological cancers, with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rate. Peritoneal dissemination (or carcinomatosis) accompanied by ascites formation is the most unfavorable factor in the progression and recurrence of OC. Tumor cells in ascites are present as either separate cells or, more often, as cell aggregates, i.e., spheroids which promote implantation on the surface of nearby organs and, at later stages, metastases to distant organs. Malignant ascites comprises a unique tumor microenvironment; this fact may be of relevance in the search for new prognostic and predictive factors that would make it possible to personalize the treatment of patients with OC. However, the precise mechanisms of spheroid formation and carcinomatosis are still under investigation. Here, we summarize data on ascites composition as well as the activity of fibroblasts and macrophages, the key stromal and immune components, in OC ascites. We describe current knowledge about the role of fibroblasts and macrophages in tumor spheroid formation, and discuss the specific functions of fibroblasts, macrophages and T cells in tumor peritoneal dissemination and implantation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-236daf5dce7940e1b7762d4573b0844e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:13:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-236daf5dce7940e1b7762d4573b0844e2023-11-23T14:11:35ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-06-012311621510.3390/ijms23116215Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune ComponentsMilitsa Rakina0Anna Kazakova1Alisa Villert2Larisa Kolomiets3Irina Larionova4Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, RussiaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, RussiaLaboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaOvarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecological cancers, with the worst prognosis and the highest mortality rate. Peritoneal dissemination (or carcinomatosis) accompanied by ascites formation is the most unfavorable factor in the progression and recurrence of OC. Tumor cells in ascites are present as either separate cells or, more often, as cell aggregates, i.e., spheroids which promote implantation on the surface of nearby organs and, at later stages, metastases to distant organs. Malignant ascites comprises a unique tumor microenvironment; this fact may be of relevance in the search for new prognostic and predictive factors that would make it possible to personalize the treatment of patients with OC. However, the precise mechanisms of spheroid formation and carcinomatosis are still under investigation. Here, we summarize data on ascites composition as well as the activity of fibroblasts and macrophages, the key stromal and immune components, in OC ascites. We describe current knowledge about the role of fibroblasts and macrophages in tumor spheroid formation, and discuss the specific functions of fibroblasts, macrophages and T cells in tumor peritoneal dissemination and implantation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6215ovarian cancerspheroidcompositionmalignant ascitesperitoneal metastasistumor-associated macrophages |
| spellingShingle | Militsa Rakina Anna Kazakova Alisa Villert Larisa Kolomiets Irina Larionova Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components International Journal of Molecular Sciences ovarian cancer spheroid composition malignant ascites peritoneal metastasis tumor-associated macrophages |
| title | Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components |
| title_full | Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components |
| title_fullStr | Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components |
| title_short | Spheroid Formation and Peritoneal Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer: The Role of Stromal and Immune Components |
| title_sort | spheroid formation and peritoneal metastasis in ovarian cancer the role of stromal and immune components |
| topic | ovarian cancer spheroid composition malignant ascites peritoneal metastasis tumor-associated macrophages |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6215 |
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