Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection
Pathogens and their toxins can cause various diseases of different severity. Some of them may be fatal, and therefore early diagnosis and suitable treatment is essential. There are numerous available methods used for their rapid screening. Conventional laboratory-based techniques such as culturing,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9757 |
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| author | Edyta Janik-Karpinska Michal Ceremuga Marcin Niemcewicz Marcin Podogrocki Maksymilian Stela Natalia Cichon Michal Bijak |
| author_facet | Edyta Janik-Karpinska Michal Ceremuga Marcin Niemcewicz Marcin Podogrocki Maksymilian Stela Natalia Cichon Michal Bijak |
| author_sort | Edyta Janik-Karpinska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pathogens and their toxins can cause various diseases of different severity. Some of them may be fatal, and therefore early diagnosis and suitable treatment is essential. There are numerous available methods used for their rapid screening. Conventional laboratory-based techniques such as culturing, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are dominant. However, culturing still remains the “gold standard” for their identification. These methods have many advantages, including high sensitivity and selectivity, but also numerous limitations, such as long experiment-time, costly instrumentation, and the need for well-qualified personnel to operate the equipment. All these existing limitations are the reasons for the continuous search for a new solutions in the field of bacteria identification. For years, research has been focusing on the use of immunosensors in various types of toxin- and pathogen-detection. Compared to the conventional methods, immunosensors do not require well-trained personnel. What is more, immunosensors are quick, highly selective and sensitive, and possess the potential to significantly improve the pathogen and toxin diagnostic-processes. There is a very important potential use for them in various transport systems, where the risk of contamination by bioagents is very high. In this paper, the advances in the field of immunosensor usage in pathogenic microorganism- and toxin-detection, are described. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23734eb61ec64cf3864b59e9c023ddd5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-23734eb61ec64cf3864b59e9c023ddd52023-11-24T17:54:50ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224975710.3390/s22249757Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time DetectionEdyta Janik-Karpinska0Michal Ceremuga1Marcin Niemcewicz2Marcin Podogrocki3Maksymilian Stela4Natalia Cichon5Michal Bijak6Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandMilitary Institute of Armored and Automotive Technology, Okuniewska 1, 05-070 Sulejowek, PolandBiohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandBiohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandBiohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandBiohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandBiohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, PolandPathogens and their toxins can cause various diseases of different severity. Some of them may be fatal, and therefore early diagnosis and suitable treatment is essential. There are numerous available methods used for their rapid screening. Conventional laboratory-based techniques such as culturing, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are dominant. However, culturing still remains the “gold standard” for their identification. These methods have many advantages, including high sensitivity and selectivity, but also numerous limitations, such as long experiment-time, costly instrumentation, and the need for well-qualified personnel to operate the equipment. All these existing limitations are the reasons for the continuous search for a new solutions in the field of bacteria identification. For years, research has been focusing on the use of immunosensors in various types of toxin- and pathogen-detection. Compared to the conventional methods, immunosensors do not require well-trained personnel. What is more, immunosensors are quick, highly selective and sensitive, and possess the potential to significantly improve the pathogen and toxin diagnostic-processes. There is a very important potential use for them in various transport systems, where the risk of contamination by bioagents is very high. In this paper, the advances in the field of immunosensor usage in pathogenic microorganism- and toxin-detection, are described.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9757immunosensorsbiosensorsdetectionpathogensbiological agents |
| spellingShingle | Edyta Janik-Karpinska Michal Ceremuga Marcin Niemcewicz Marcin Podogrocki Maksymilian Stela Natalia Cichon Michal Bijak Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection Sensors immunosensors biosensors detection pathogens biological agents |
| title | Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection |
| title_full | Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection |
| title_fullStr | Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection |
| title_short | Immunosensors—The Future of Pathogen Real-Time Detection |
| title_sort | immunosensors the future of pathogen real time detection |
| topic | immunosensors biosensors detection pathogens biological agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9757 |
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