Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
The role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, wi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/5/688 |
| _version_ | 1797474070783066112 |
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| author | Antía Verde Jesús M. Míguez Mercedes Gallardo |
| author_facet | Antía Verde Jesús M. Míguez Mercedes Gallardo |
| author_sort | Antía Verde |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, with yellow apples (Reineta and Golden) initiating the ripening process earlier than reddish ones (Teórica, Sanroqueña, and Caguleira). Changes in the melatonin and melatonin isomer 2 contents during growth and ripening were studied in Golden apples, as was the effect of the melatonin treatment (500 µM, day 124 post-anthesis) on the apple tree. Melatonin content varied greatly, with higher value in the skin than in the flesh. In the skin, melatonin increased at day 132 post-anthesis, when ethylene synthesis started. In the flesh, melatonin levels were high at the beginning of the growth phase and at the end of ripening. Melatonin isomer 2 was also higher once the ripening started and when ethylene began to increase. The melatonin treatment significantly advanced the ethylene production and increased the fruit size, weight, sugar content, and firmness. The data suggest that melatonin stimulates fruit ripening through the induction of ethylene synthesis, while melatonin treatments before ripening improve the final fruit quality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:24:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-237b1ce67270456fbf5c2481481a6d1e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:24:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-237b1ce67270456fbf5c2481481a6d1e2023-11-23T23:36:45ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-03-0111568810.3390/plants11050688Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with EthyleneAntía Verde0Jesús M. Míguez1Mercedes Gallardo2Departamento de Biología Vegetal, C.C. del Suelo, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartamento de Biología Funcional, C.C. de la Salud, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartamento de Biología Vegetal, C.C. del Suelo, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, SpainThe role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, with yellow apples (Reineta and Golden) initiating the ripening process earlier than reddish ones (Teórica, Sanroqueña, and Caguleira). Changes in the melatonin and melatonin isomer 2 contents during growth and ripening were studied in Golden apples, as was the effect of the melatonin treatment (500 µM, day 124 post-anthesis) on the apple tree. Melatonin content varied greatly, with higher value in the skin than in the flesh. In the skin, melatonin increased at day 132 post-anthesis, when ethylene synthesis started. In the flesh, melatonin levels were high at the beginning of the growth phase and at the end of ripening. Melatonin isomer 2 was also higher once the ripening started and when ethylene began to increase. The melatonin treatment significantly advanced the ethylene production and increased the fruit size, weight, sugar content, and firmness. The data suggest that melatonin stimulates fruit ripening through the induction of ethylene synthesis, while melatonin treatments before ripening improve the final fruit quality.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/5/688applemelatoninfruit growthripeningethylene |
| spellingShingle | Antía Verde Jesús M. Míguez Mercedes Gallardo Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene Plants apple melatonin fruit growth ripening ethylene |
| title | Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene |
| title_full | Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene |
| title_fullStr | Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene |
| title_short | Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene |
| title_sort | role of melatonin in apple fruit during growth and ripening possible interaction with ethylene |
| topic | apple melatonin fruit growth ripening ethylene |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/5/688 |
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