Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells
Although <i>Allium</i> species are involved in bioactivity, to the best of our knowledge, there is no research on the effects of <i>Allium senescens</i> on drug resistance in hepatocarcinoma. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3696 |
| _version_ | 1827694685670342656 |
|---|---|
| author | Sohyeon Park Yoonjin Park Heejong Shin Boyong Kim Seunggwan Lee |
| author_facet | Sohyeon Park Yoonjin Park Heejong Shin Boyong Kim Seunggwan Lee |
| author_sort | Sohyeon Park |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although <i>Allium</i> species are involved in bioactivity, to the best of our knowledge, there is no research on the effects of <i>Allium senescens</i> on drug resistance in hepatocarcinoma. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of several bioactive compounds in <i>A. senescens</i> extract; flow cytometry, reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and siRNA-mediated knockdown to estimate the levels of different markers in HepG2 cells. The quantity of <i>p</i>-coumaric acid in the extract was 4.7291 ± 0.06 μg/mL, and the protein of relevant evolutionary and lymphoid interest (PRELI) in the resistant cells decreased 2.1 times in the presence of <i>p</i>-coumaric acid. The resistant cells strongly downregulated the efflux transporters (ABCB1, ABCC2, and ABCG2) when exposed to the extract or <i>p</i>-coumaric acid and when <i>PRELI</i> was knocked down, in contrast to the influx proteins (OCT-1). Additionally, the extract induced mitochondrial apoptosis and suppressed autophagy. Consequently, the extract and <i>p</i>-coumaric acid attenuated drug resistance of HepG2 cells through the downregulation of PRELI, a key protein associated with the modulation of drug transporter expression, the activation of autophagy, and mitochondrial apoptosis. Our results indicate that <i>A. senescens</i> extract is beneficial in protecting cancer cells against drug resistance and sustaining the efficacy of sorafenib against liver cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:10:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-239f6ab58f0446a299c341f1fd7fbf33 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:10:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-239f6ab58f0446a299c341f1fd7fbf332023-11-21T16:15:52ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-04-01118369610.3390/app11083696Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma CellsSohyeon Park0Yoonjin Park1Heejong Shin2Boyong Kim3Seunggwan Lee4Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaAlthough <i>Allium</i> species are involved in bioactivity, to the best of our knowledge, there is no research on the effects of <i>Allium senescens</i> on drug resistance in hepatocarcinoma. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the concentration of several bioactive compounds in <i>A. senescens</i> extract; flow cytometry, reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and siRNA-mediated knockdown to estimate the levels of different markers in HepG2 cells. The quantity of <i>p</i>-coumaric acid in the extract was 4.7291 ± 0.06 μg/mL, and the protein of relevant evolutionary and lymphoid interest (PRELI) in the resistant cells decreased 2.1 times in the presence of <i>p</i>-coumaric acid. The resistant cells strongly downregulated the efflux transporters (ABCB1, ABCC2, and ABCG2) when exposed to the extract or <i>p</i>-coumaric acid and when <i>PRELI</i> was knocked down, in contrast to the influx proteins (OCT-1). Additionally, the extract induced mitochondrial apoptosis and suppressed autophagy. Consequently, the extract and <i>p</i>-coumaric acid attenuated drug resistance of HepG2 cells through the downregulation of PRELI, a key protein associated with the modulation of drug transporter expression, the activation of autophagy, and mitochondrial apoptosis. Our results indicate that <i>A. senescens</i> extract is beneficial in protecting cancer cells against drug resistance and sustaining the efficacy of sorafenib against liver cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3696<i>Allium senescens</i>drug resistancehepatocarcinomasorafenib<i>p</i>-coumaric acid |
| spellingShingle | Sohyeon Park Yoonjin Park Heejong Shin Boyong Kim Seunggwan Lee Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells Applied Sciences <i>Allium senescens</i> drug resistance hepatocarcinoma sorafenib <i>p</i>-coumaric acid |
| title | Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells |
| title_full | Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells |
| title_fullStr | Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells |
| title_short | Effect of <i>Allium senescens</i> Extract on Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocarcinoma Cells |
| title_sort | effect of i allium senescens i extract on sorafenib resistance in hepatocarcinoma cells |
| topic | <i>Allium senescens</i> drug resistance hepatocarcinoma sorafenib <i>p</i>-coumaric acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/8/3696 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sohyeonpark effectofialliumsenescensiextractonsorafenibresistanceinhepatocarcinomacells AT yoonjinpark effectofialliumsenescensiextractonsorafenibresistanceinhepatocarcinomacells AT heejongshin effectofialliumsenescensiextractonsorafenibresistanceinhepatocarcinomacells AT boyongkim effectofialliumsenescensiextractonsorafenibresistanceinhepatocarcinomacells AT seunggwanlee effectofialliumsenescensiextractonsorafenibresistanceinhepatocarcinomacells |