THE DERBENT EMIRATE IN THE HISTORY OF THE MEDIEVAL CAUCASUS OF THE PREMONGOLIAN TIME (X-XIII C)
Derbent is an outstanding monument of the world fortification and the oldest city of Russia in the medieval period played a special role in the history of the Caucasus of the Pre-Mongolian period, being, along with Shirvan, the largest feudal state of the East and North-East Caucasus. In the second...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
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Bunin Yelets State University
2021-09-01
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| Series: | История: факты и символы |
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| Online Access: | https://hisfas.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/111 |
| Summary: | Derbent is an outstanding monument of the world fortification and the oldest city of Russia in the medieval period played a special role in the history of the Caucasus of the Pre-Mongolian period, being, along with Shirvan, the largest feudal state of the East and North-East Caucasus. In the second half of the 9th century, in connection with the beginning of the disintegration of the Arab Caliphate, Derbent withdraws from its membership and comes to power here the local Arab dynasty Hashemid, the first ruler of which Hashim B. Surak, who came from the well-known in the caliphate of the tribe of Sulaim (Sulami), took the throne of the Derbent ruler not as a destination of the Baghdad Caliph, as it was before, but by the choice of the derbent. The fact that the Derbent emirs came from the midst of the local slave nobility and had neither the authority of the appointees of the Arab caliphs, nor the prestige of the feudal rulers of the major states of the Caucasus, put them in a rather dependent position on the Derbent nobility, who saw in the rulers of Derbent only "first among equals." Acute class contradictions and social struggle in Derbent X - XIII century, vividly reflected in the unique historical chronicle "Tarich Bab al-Abwab", revealed and translated by the outstanding orientalist V.F. Minorskiy, it draws the social and political life of the city of Derbent during the existence of the Derbent emirate, the relationship of the emirs with the feudal rulers of the Caucasus and the participation of the Russ, Alan, Hazara in these general Caucasian relations. Archaeological excavations, which for the first time in the history of Derbent, conducted by the author from 1970 to 1995, gave unique materials on the social and historical topography of the city of the period of the Derbent emirate. |
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| ISSN: | 2410-4205 2949-2866 |