Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications
We report Na-Alginate-based hydrogels with high ionic conductivity and water content fabrication using poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT): poly (4-styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) and a hydrogel matrix based on dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO was incorporated within the PEDOT:PSS hydrogel. A hyd...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/7/1461 |
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| author | Nujud Mohammed Badawi Khalid Mujasam Batoo Ramesh Subramaniam Ramesh Kasi Sajjad Hussain Ahamad Imran Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy |
| author_facet | Nujud Mohammed Badawi Khalid Mujasam Batoo Ramesh Subramaniam Ramesh Kasi Sajjad Hussain Ahamad Imran Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy |
| author_sort | Nujud Mohammed Badawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report Na-Alginate-based hydrogels with high ionic conductivity and water content fabrication using poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT): poly (4-styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) and a hydrogel matrix based on dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO was incorporated within the PEDOT:PSS hydrogel. A hydrogel with higher conductivity was created through the in-situ synthesis of intra-Na-Alginate, which was then improved upon by H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> treatment. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the pure and synthetic hydrogel. Structural analysis was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which examines thermal properties, was also used. A specific capacitance of 312 F/g at 80 mV/s (energy density of 40.58 W/kg at a power density of 402.20 W/kg) at 100 DC mA/g was achieved by the symmetric Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS based flexible supercapacitor. The electrolyte achieved a higher ionic conductivity of 9.82 × 10<sup>−2</sup> and 7.6 × 10<sup>−2</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> of Na-Alginate and a composite of Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS at 25 °C. Furthermore, the supercapacitor Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS//AC had excellent electrochemical stability by showing a capacity retention of 92.5% after 3000 continuous charge–discharge cycles at 10 mA current density. The Na- Alginate/PEDOT:PSS hydrogel displayed excellent flexibility and self-healing after re-contacting the two cut hydrogel samples of electrolyte for 90 min because of the dynamic cross-linking network efficiently dissipated energy. The illumination of a light-emitting diode (LED) verified the hydrogel’s capacity for self-healing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:48:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23b61d9495ae485589eae0735ff96475 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:48:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-23b61d9495ae485589eae0735ff964752023-11-18T20:33:46ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-07-01147146110.3390/mi14071461Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor ApplicationsNujud Mohammed Badawi0Khalid Mujasam Batoo1Ramesh Subramaniam2Ramesh Kasi3Sajjad Hussain4Ahamad Imran5Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy6Centre for Ionics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaKing Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaCentre for Ionics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaCentre for Ionics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaGraphene Research Institute and Institute of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of KoreaKing Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaKing Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaWe report Na-Alginate-based hydrogels with high ionic conductivity and water content fabrication using poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT): poly (4-styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) and a hydrogel matrix based on dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO was incorporated within the PEDOT:PSS hydrogel. A hydrogel with higher conductivity was created through the in-situ synthesis of intra-Na-Alginate, which was then improved upon by H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> treatment. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the pure and synthetic hydrogel. Structural analysis was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which examines thermal properties, was also used. A specific capacitance of 312 F/g at 80 mV/s (energy density of 40.58 W/kg at a power density of 402.20 W/kg) at 100 DC mA/g was achieved by the symmetric Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS based flexible supercapacitor. The electrolyte achieved a higher ionic conductivity of 9.82 × 10<sup>−2</sup> and 7.6 × 10<sup>−2</sup> Scm<sup>−1</sup> of Na-Alginate and a composite of Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS at 25 °C. Furthermore, the supercapacitor Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS//AC had excellent electrochemical stability by showing a capacity retention of 92.5% after 3000 continuous charge–discharge cycles at 10 mA current density. The Na- Alginate/PEDOT:PSS hydrogel displayed excellent flexibility and self-healing after re-contacting the two cut hydrogel samples of electrolyte for 90 min because of the dynamic cross-linking network efficiently dissipated energy. The illumination of a light-emitting diode (LED) verified the hydrogel’s capacity for self-healing.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/7/1461Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSSself-healinghydrogelionic conductivityflexible supercapacitorelectrolyte |
| spellingShingle | Nujud Mohammed Badawi Khalid Mujasam Batoo Ramesh Subramaniam Ramesh Kasi Sajjad Hussain Ahamad Imran Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications Micromachines Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS self-healing hydrogel ionic conductivity flexible supercapacitor electrolyte |
| title | Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications |
| title_full | Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications |
| title_fullStr | Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications |
| title_short | Highly Conductive and Reusable Cellulose Hydrogels for Supercapacitor Applications |
| title_sort | highly conductive and reusable cellulose hydrogels for supercapacitor applications |
| topic | Na-Alginate/PEDOT:PSS self-healing hydrogel ionic conductivity flexible supercapacitor electrolyte |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/7/1461 |
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