Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports
<p class="titulo1" align="center">&nbsp;</p><p class="tabulado" align="justify">En las t&eacute;cnicas simult&aacute;neas, ha existido una evoluci&oacute;n hacia variantes de nataci&...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Asociación Española de Ciencias del Deporte
2010-09-01
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| Series: | Motricidad |
| Online Access: | http://revistamotricidad.es/openjs/index.php?journal=motricidad&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=111 |
| _version_ | 1797725032475000832 |
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| author | A. Silva U. Persyn V. Colman F. Alves |
| author_facet | A. Silva U. Persyn V. Colman F. Alves |
| author_sort | A. Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p class="titulo1" align="center">&nbsp;</p><p class="tabulado" align="justify">En las t&eacute;cnicas simult&aacute;neas, ha existido una evoluci&oacute;n hacia variantes de nataci&oacute;n cada vez m&aacute;s ondulantes. Desde los a&ntilde;os 70 hasta nuestros d&iacute;as, cerca de 1500 nadadores han sido evaluados y diagnosticados en el &ldquo;Leuven Research and Evaluation Center&rdquo;, mediante el an&aacute;lisis t&eacute;cnico y la evaluaci&oacute;n f&iacute;sica. M&aacute;s a&uacute;n, informaci&oacute;n sobre su edad, historial de entrenamiento y rendimiento han sido acumulados. La asociaci&oacute;n de estos datos y el rendimiento en las cuatro t&eacute;cnicas de nataci&oacute;n han sido investigados en seis tesis Doctorales, no s&oacute;lo para cada una de las t&eacute;cnicas, sino tambi&eacute;n para las variantes t&eacute;cnicas existentes (Persyn, 1978; Daly, 1984; Van Tilborgh, 1987; Colman, 1991; Zhu, 1996 y Silva 2001). Actualmente, la t&eacute;cnica de, aproximadamente 60 bracistas y mariposistas de nivel internacional, ha sido digitalizada. Bas&aacute;ndose en los datos obtenidos de estos estudios de investigaci&oacute;n y en la experiencia en el diagn&oacute;stico e informe t&eacute;cnico se ha desarrollado un buen sistema de evaluaci&oacute;n. Gracias a las investigaciones efectuadas desde los a&ntilde;os setenta, ha evolucionado la evaluaci&oacute;n cualitativa para un an&aacute;lisis cuantitativo y una serie de hip&oacute;tesis de trabajo relativas a la propulsi&oacute;n naval y animal que podr&aacute; ser aplicada al caso de la propulsi&oacute;n humana. As&iacute;, el principal objetivo de este art&iacute;culo es presentar no s&oacute;lo el modelo biomec&aacute;nico general de la velocidad de nataci&oacute;n, sino tambi&eacute;n las hip&oacute;tesis de trabajo ya confirmadas para determinadas fases espec&iacute;ficas del ciclo gestual para: (i) el rendimiento competitivo (corregido para g&eacute;nero y edad); (ii) para la variaci&oacute;n de la velocidad en el interior del ciclo gestual; (iii) para el desplazamiento vertical CM del cuerpo del nadador.<br />PALABRAS CLAVE: Nataci&oacute;n; t&eacute;cnicas sim&eacute;tricas; braza; mariposa; ondulaci&oacute;n.</p> <p class="tabulado" align="justify">In symmetrical strokes, there was an evolution to more butterfly-like undulation. Since the seventies till now, almost 1500 competitive swimmers were diagnosed and advised in the Leuven Research and Evaluation Center, based on a technique analysis and a physical screening. In addition, logbook information on their age, training history and performances was available. The relations between these data, and between these data and performance in the four swimming strokes and in different style variants per stroke, were investigated in six doctor&rsquo;s theses (Persyn, 1978; Daly, 1984; Van Tilborgh, 1987; Colman, 1991; Zhu, 1996 and Silva 2001). Presently, the technique of about 60 breaststroke and butterfly swimmers at international level has been digitized. Based on the data obtained from this research, and on the experience in diagnosing, a kinesiological expert system was developed. Therefore, each of the shortcomings in the diagnostic systems, specified earlier, was solved step by step in the doctoral research. Thanks to this research, from the seventies till now, there was an evolution from a predominantly qualitative to quantitative diagnosis and a series of working hypotheses related to ship and animal propulsion that he needed for diagnosing were developed. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to present, not only the general biomechanical model of swimming velocity, but also the already confirmed working hypotheses, in specific phases in the stroke cycle, for: (i) swimming performance (corrected for sex and age in a % score); (ii) for velocity variation of the CMbody in the cycle and; (iii) for vertical displacement of the CMbody.<br />KEY WORDS: Swimming; Symmetrical strokes; Breaststroke; Butterfly; waving</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:25:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23c5dc32c89b4daba7668f06cfd049a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0214-0071 2172-2862 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:25:21Z |
| publishDate | 2010-09-01 |
| publisher | Asociación Española de Ciencias del Deporte |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Motricidad |
| spelling | doaj.art-23c5dc32c89b4daba7668f06cfd049a32023-09-02T09:45:06ZengAsociación Española de Ciencias del DeporteMotricidad0214-00712172-28622010-09-011303754Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sportsA. SilvaU. PersynV. ColmanF. Alves<p class="titulo1" align="center">&nbsp;</p><p class="tabulado" align="justify">En las t&eacute;cnicas simult&aacute;neas, ha existido una evoluci&oacute;n hacia variantes de nataci&oacute;n cada vez m&aacute;s ondulantes. Desde los a&ntilde;os 70 hasta nuestros d&iacute;as, cerca de 1500 nadadores han sido evaluados y diagnosticados en el &ldquo;Leuven Research and Evaluation Center&rdquo;, mediante el an&aacute;lisis t&eacute;cnico y la evaluaci&oacute;n f&iacute;sica. M&aacute;s a&uacute;n, informaci&oacute;n sobre su edad, historial de entrenamiento y rendimiento han sido acumulados. La asociaci&oacute;n de estos datos y el rendimiento en las cuatro t&eacute;cnicas de nataci&oacute;n han sido investigados en seis tesis Doctorales, no s&oacute;lo para cada una de las t&eacute;cnicas, sino tambi&eacute;n para las variantes t&eacute;cnicas existentes (Persyn, 1978; Daly, 1984; Van Tilborgh, 1987; Colman, 1991; Zhu, 1996 y Silva 2001). Actualmente, la t&eacute;cnica de, aproximadamente 60 bracistas y mariposistas de nivel internacional, ha sido digitalizada. Bas&aacute;ndose en los datos obtenidos de estos estudios de investigaci&oacute;n y en la experiencia en el diagn&oacute;stico e informe t&eacute;cnico se ha desarrollado un buen sistema de evaluaci&oacute;n. Gracias a las investigaciones efectuadas desde los a&ntilde;os setenta, ha evolucionado la evaluaci&oacute;n cualitativa para un an&aacute;lisis cuantitativo y una serie de hip&oacute;tesis de trabajo relativas a la propulsi&oacute;n naval y animal que podr&aacute; ser aplicada al caso de la propulsi&oacute;n humana. As&iacute;, el principal objetivo de este art&iacute;culo es presentar no s&oacute;lo el modelo biomec&aacute;nico general de la velocidad de nataci&oacute;n, sino tambi&eacute;n las hip&oacute;tesis de trabajo ya confirmadas para determinadas fases espec&iacute;ficas del ciclo gestual para: (i) el rendimiento competitivo (corregido para g&eacute;nero y edad); (ii) para la variaci&oacute;n de la velocidad en el interior del ciclo gestual; (iii) para el desplazamiento vertical CM del cuerpo del nadador.<br />PALABRAS CLAVE: Nataci&oacute;n; t&eacute;cnicas sim&eacute;tricas; braza; mariposa; ondulaci&oacute;n.</p> <p class="tabulado" align="justify">In symmetrical strokes, there was an evolution to more butterfly-like undulation. Since the seventies till now, almost 1500 competitive swimmers were diagnosed and advised in the Leuven Research and Evaluation Center, based on a technique analysis and a physical screening. In addition, logbook information on their age, training history and performances was available. The relations between these data, and between these data and performance in the four swimming strokes and in different style variants per stroke, were investigated in six doctor&rsquo;s theses (Persyn, 1978; Daly, 1984; Van Tilborgh, 1987; Colman, 1991; Zhu, 1996 and Silva 2001). Presently, the technique of about 60 breaststroke and butterfly swimmers at international level has been digitized. Based on the data obtained from this research, and on the experience in diagnosing, a kinesiological expert system was developed. Therefore, each of the shortcomings in the diagnostic systems, specified earlier, was solved step by step in the doctoral research. Thanks to this research, from the seventies till now, there was an evolution from a predominantly qualitative to quantitative diagnosis and a series of working hypotheses related to ship and animal propulsion that he needed for diagnosing were developed. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to present, not only the general biomechanical model of swimming velocity, but also the already confirmed working hypotheses, in specific phases in the stroke cycle, for: (i) swimming performance (corrected for sex and age in a % score); (ii) for velocity variation of the CMbody in the cycle and; (iii) for vertical displacement of the CMbody.<br />KEY WORDS: Swimming; Symmetrical strokes; Breaststroke; Butterfly; waving</p>http://revistamotricidad.es/openjs/index.php?journal=motricidad&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=111 |
| spellingShingle | A. Silva U. Persyn V. Colman F. Alves Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports Motricidad |
| title | Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| title_full | Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| title_fullStr | Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| title_full_unstemmed | Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| title_short | Los principios biomecánicos de las técnicas simétricas en natación deportiva Biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| title_sort | los principios biomecanicos de las tecnicas simetricas en natacion deportiva biomechanical principles of symmetrical techniques in swimming sports |
| url | http://revistamotricidad.es/openjs/index.php?journal=motricidad&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=111 |
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