An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia
Leptospirosis is neglected in many tropical developing countries, including Indonesia. Our research on this zoonotic disease aimed to investigate epidemiological features and spatial clustering of recent leptospirosis outbreaks in Pangandaran, West Java. The study analysed data on leptospirosis not...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Geospatial Health |
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| Online Access: | https://geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/1221 |
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| author | Mutiara Widawati Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara Raras Anasi Tri Wahono Rina Marina Intan Pandu Pertiwi Agus Ari Wibowo Andri Ruliansyah Muhammad Umar Riandi Dyah Widiastuti Endang Puji Astuti |
| author_facet | Mutiara Widawati Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara Raras Anasi Tri Wahono Rina Marina Intan Pandu Pertiwi Agus Ari Wibowo Andri Ruliansyah Muhammad Umar Riandi Dyah Widiastuti Endang Puji Astuti |
| author_sort | Mutiara Widawati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Leptospirosis is neglected in many tropical developing countries, including Indonesia. Our research on this zoonotic disease aimed to investigate epidemiological features and spatial clustering of recent leptospirosis outbreaks in Pangandaran, West Java. The study analysed data on leptospirosis notifications between September 2022 and May 2023. Global Moran I and local indicator for spatial association (LISA) were applied. Comparative analysis was performed to characterise the identified hotspots of leptospirosis relative to its neighbourhoods. A total of 172 reported leptospirosis in 40 villages from 9 sub-districts in Pangandaran District were analysed. Of these, 132 cases (76.7%) were male. The median age was 49 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 34-59 years). Severe outcomes including renal failure, lung failure, and hepatic necrosis were reported in up to 5% of the cases. A total of 30 patients died, resulting in the case fatality rate (CFR) of 17.4%. Moran’s I analysis showed significant spatial autocorrelation (I=0.293; p=0.002) and LISA results identified 7 High-High clusters (hotspots) in the Southwest, with the total population at risk at 26,184 people. The hotspots had more cases among older individuals (median age: 51, IQR: 36-61 years; p<0.001), more farmers (79%, p=0.001) and more evidence of the presence of rats (p=0.02). A comprehensive One Health intervention should be targeted towards these high-risk areas to control the transmission of leptospirosis. More empirical evidence is needed to understand the role of climate, animals and sociodemographic characteristics on the transmission of leptospirosis in the area studied.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:48:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23def8285bdb4d228229e442f2621ab0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1827-1987 1970-7096 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:48:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geospatial Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-23def8285bdb4d228229e442f2621ab02023-10-05T19:17:19ZengPAGEPress PublicationsGeospatial Health1827-19871970-70962023-10-0118210.4081/gh.2023.1221An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, IndonesiaMutiara Widawati0Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara1Raras Anasi2Tri Wahono3Rina Marina4Intan Pandu Pertiwi5Agus Ari Wibowo6Andri Ruliansyah7Muhammad Umar Riandi8Dyah Widiastuti9Endang Puji Astuti10Vector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West JavaVector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West JavaHealth Development Policy Agency, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, JakartaVector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West JavaVector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West JavaEnvironmental Health Technology and Disease Control Agency, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, East Jakarta, DKI JakartaEnvironmental Health Technology and Disease Control Agency, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, East Jakarta, DKI JakartaPangandaran Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, Pangandaran, West JavaPangandaran Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, Pangandaran, West JavaVector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java; School of Postgraduate Studies, Gadjah Mada University, YogyakartaVector-borne and Zoonotic Diseases Research Group, Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java Leptospirosis is neglected in many tropical developing countries, including Indonesia. Our research on this zoonotic disease aimed to investigate epidemiological features and spatial clustering of recent leptospirosis outbreaks in Pangandaran, West Java. The study analysed data on leptospirosis notifications between September 2022 and May 2023. Global Moran I and local indicator for spatial association (LISA) were applied. Comparative analysis was performed to characterise the identified hotspots of leptospirosis relative to its neighbourhoods. A total of 172 reported leptospirosis in 40 villages from 9 sub-districts in Pangandaran District were analysed. Of these, 132 cases (76.7%) were male. The median age was 49 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 34-59 years). Severe outcomes including renal failure, lung failure, and hepatic necrosis were reported in up to 5% of the cases. A total of 30 patients died, resulting in the case fatality rate (CFR) of 17.4%. Moran’s I analysis showed significant spatial autocorrelation (I=0.293; p=0.002) and LISA results identified 7 High-High clusters (hotspots) in the Southwest, with the total population at risk at 26,184 people. The hotspots had more cases among older individuals (median age: 51, IQR: 36-61 years; p<0.001), more farmers (79%, p=0.001) and more evidence of the presence of rats (p=0.02). A comprehensive One Health intervention should be targeted towards these high-risk areas to control the transmission of leptospirosis. More empirical evidence is needed to understand the role of climate, animals and sociodemographic characteristics on the transmission of leptospirosis in the area studied. https://geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/1221Leptospirosisspatial analysisclusteringepidemiologysurveillanceIndonesia |
| spellingShingle | Mutiara Widawati Pandji Wibawa Dhewantara Raras Anasi Tri Wahono Rina Marina Intan Pandu Pertiwi Agus Ari Wibowo Andri Ruliansyah Muhammad Umar Riandi Dyah Widiastuti Endang Puji Astuti An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia Geospatial Health Leptospirosis spatial analysis clustering epidemiology surveillance Indonesia |
| title | An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia |
| title_full | An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia |
| title_short | An investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia |
| title_sort | investigation of geographical clusters of leptospirosis during the outbreak in pangandaran west java indonesia |
| topic | Leptospirosis spatial analysis clustering epidemiology surveillance Indonesia |
| url | https://geospatialhealth.net/index.php/gh/article/view/1221 |
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