Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry
Imidazole was first synthesized by Heinrich Debus in 1858 and was obtained by the reaction of glyoxal and formaldehyde in ammonia, initially called glyoxaline. The current literature provides much information about the synthesis, functionalization, physicochemical characteristics and biological role...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/838 |
| _version_ | 1797438232601821184 |
|---|---|
| author | Heber Victor Tolomeu Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga |
| author_facet | Heber Victor Tolomeu Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga |
| author_sort | Heber Victor Tolomeu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Imidazole was first synthesized by Heinrich Debus in 1858 and was obtained by the reaction of glyoxal and formaldehyde in ammonia, initially called glyoxaline. The current literature provides much information about the synthesis, functionalization, physicochemical characteristics and biological role of imidazole. Imidazole is a structure that, despite being small, has a unique chemical complexity. It is a nucleus that is very practical and versatile in its construction/functionalization and can be considered a rich source of chemical diversity. Imidazole acts in extremely important processes for the maintenance of living organisms, such as catalysis in enzymatic processes. Imidazole-based compounds with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antituberculosis, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor, antimalarial, anticancer, antidepressant and many others make up the therapeutic arsenal and new bioactive compounds proposed in the most diverse works. The interest and importance of imidazole-containing analogs in the field of medicinal chemistry is remarkable, and the understanding from the development of the first blockbuster drug cimetidine explores all the chemical and biological concepts of imidazole in the context of research and development of new drugs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:34:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23e33ed504cf45f6b97fe0cca4b0ccb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:34:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-23e33ed504cf45f6b97fe0cca4b0ccb62023-11-30T23:45:38ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128283810.3390/molecules28020838Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal ChemistryHeber Victor Tolomeu0Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga1Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, BrazilLaboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, BrazilImidazole was first synthesized by Heinrich Debus in 1858 and was obtained by the reaction of glyoxal and formaldehyde in ammonia, initially called glyoxaline. The current literature provides much information about the synthesis, functionalization, physicochemical characteristics and biological role of imidazole. Imidazole is a structure that, despite being small, has a unique chemical complexity. It is a nucleus that is very practical and versatile in its construction/functionalization and can be considered a rich source of chemical diversity. Imidazole acts in extremely important processes for the maintenance of living organisms, such as catalysis in enzymatic processes. Imidazole-based compounds with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antituberculosis, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor, antimalarial, anticancer, antidepressant and many others make up the therapeutic arsenal and new bioactive compounds proposed in the most diverse works. The interest and importance of imidazole-containing analogs in the field of medicinal chemistry is remarkable, and the understanding from the development of the first blockbuster drug cimetidine explores all the chemical and biological concepts of imidazole in the context of research and development of new drugs.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/838imidazolesynthesismedicinal chemistrydrug discovery |
| spellingShingle | Heber Victor Tolomeu Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry Molecules imidazole synthesis medicinal chemistry drug discovery |
| title | Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry |
| title_full | Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry |
| title_fullStr | Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry |
| title_short | Imidazole: Synthesis, Functionalization and Physicochemical Properties of a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry |
| title_sort | imidazole synthesis functionalization and physicochemical properties of a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry |
| topic | imidazole synthesis medicinal chemistry drug discovery |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/838 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hebervictortolomeu imidazolesynthesisfunctionalizationandphysicochemicalpropertiesofaprivilegedstructureinmedicinalchemistry AT carlosalbertomanssourfraga imidazolesynthesisfunctionalizationandphysicochemicalpropertiesofaprivilegedstructureinmedicinalchemistry |