Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China
AIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with amblyopia among children aged 30-83mo in central south of China. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 30-83mo in Changsha (an urban city) and Zhangjiajie (a rural area) in central south of Chin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)
2019-05-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/5/20190519.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818942763948834816 |
|---|---|
| author | Yun-Ping Li Meng-Wen Zhou Susan H Forster Si-Ying Chen Xin Qi Hui-Ming Zhang Jing Luo |
| author_facet | Yun-Ping Li Meng-Wen Zhou Susan H Forster Si-Ying Chen Xin Qi Hui-Ming Zhang Jing Luo |
| author_sort | Yun-Ping Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with amblyopia among children aged 30-83mo in central south of China.
METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 30-83mo in Changsha (an urban city) and Zhangjiajie (a rural area) in central south of China. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity (VA), prism cover test, cycloplegic refraction, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained study ophthalmologists and optometrists. Unilateral amblyopia was defined as a 2-line difference between eyes with VA<20/32 in the worse eye and with coexisting anisometropia [≥1.00 D spherical eutivalent (SE) for hyperopia, ≥3.00 D SE for myopia, and ≥1.50 D for astigmatism], strabismus, or past or present visual axis obstruction. Bilateral amblyopia was defined as VA in both eyes <20/40 (≥ 48-month-old) and <20/50 (< 48-month-old), with coexisting hyperopia ≥4.00 D SE, myopia ≤-6.00 D SE, and astigmatism ≥2.50 D, or past or present visual axis obstruction.
RESULTS: There were 8042 children enrolled and 7713 children were screened. The amblyopia prevalence in children aged 30-83mo was 1.09% (95% confidence interval, 0.86%-1.35%) with no age (P=0.81), gender (P=0.46) or area distribution (P=0.93) differences. Of these, 0.68% were unilateral cases and 0.41% were bilateral cases. Underlying causes included anisometropia (40%), binocular refractive error (36%), strabismus (14%) and deprivation (10%). Hyperopia combined with astigmatism was the frequent refractive error for ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia.
CONCLUSION: In this rural and urban Chinese population, 1.09% of children with 30-83mo of age had amblyopia, a prevalence rate similar to that of many other studies. Anisometropia and refractive error are the most common causes of unilateral and bilateral amblyopia respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:16:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-23f688ddb63d43938fb9a5835d6cdce2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2222-3959 2227-4898 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:16:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-23f688ddb63d43938fb9a5835d6cdce22022-12-21T19:48:46ZengPress of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)International Journal of Ophthalmology2222-39592227-48982019-05-0112582082510.18240/ijo.2019.05.19Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south ChinaYun-Ping Li0Meng-Wen Zhou1Susan H Forster2Si-Ying Chen3Xin Qi4Hui-Ming Zhang5Jing Luo6Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven 06510, Connecticut, USADepartment of Ophthalmology, Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, ChinaAIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with amblyopia among children aged 30-83mo in central south of China. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 30-83mo in Changsha (an urban city) and Zhangjiajie (a rural area) in central south of China. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity (VA), prism cover test, cycloplegic refraction, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained study ophthalmologists and optometrists. Unilateral amblyopia was defined as a 2-line difference between eyes with VA<20/32 in the worse eye and with coexisting anisometropia [≥1.00 D spherical eutivalent (SE) for hyperopia, ≥3.00 D SE for myopia, and ≥1.50 D for astigmatism], strabismus, or past or present visual axis obstruction. Bilateral amblyopia was defined as VA in both eyes <20/40 (≥ 48-month-old) and <20/50 (< 48-month-old), with coexisting hyperopia ≥4.00 D SE, myopia ≤-6.00 D SE, and astigmatism ≥2.50 D, or past or present visual axis obstruction. RESULTS: There were 8042 children enrolled and 7713 children were screened. The amblyopia prevalence in children aged 30-83mo was 1.09% (95% confidence interval, 0.86%-1.35%) with no age (P=0.81), gender (P=0.46) or area distribution (P=0.93) differences. Of these, 0.68% were unilateral cases and 0.41% were bilateral cases. Underlying causes included anisometropia (40%), binocular refractive error (36%), strabismus (14%) and deprivation (10%). Hyperopia combined with astigmatism was the frequent refractive error for ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia. CONCLUSION: In this rural and urban Chinese population, 1.09% of children with 30-83mo of age had amblyopia, a prevalence rate similar to that of many other studies. Anisometropia and refractive error are the most common causes of unilateral and bilateral amblyopia respectively.http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/5/20190519.pdfamblyopiaprevalenceruralurbanchinese |
| spellingShingle | Yun-Ping Li Meng-Wen Zhou Susan H Forster Si-Ying Chen Xin Qi Hui-Ming Zhang Jing Luo Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China International Journal of Ophthalmology amblyopia prevalence rural urban chinese |
| title | Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China |
| title_full | Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China |
| title_short | Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China |
| title_sort | prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south china |
| topic | amblyopia prevalence rural urban chinese |
| url | http://www.ijo.cn/en_publish/2019/5/20190519.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yunpingli prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT mengwenzhou prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT susanhforster prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT siyingchen prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT xinqi prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT huimingzhang prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina AT jingluo prevalenceofamblyopiaamongpreschoolchildrenincentralsouthchina |