Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet
Background: Energy-dense diets have been implicated as a driving force in the global obesity crisis. Sucrose derived from sugar cane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i>) is a carbohydrate source at the centre of this discussion. However, sugar cane is a complex plant containing a wide variety...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/11/5163 |
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| author | Matthew Flavel Timothy P. Ellis Lauren Stahl Denovan Begg Jason Smythe Leodevico L. Ilag Richard S. Weisinger Barry Kitchen Markandeya Jois |
| author_facet | Matthew Flavel Timothy P. Ellis Lauren Stahl Denovan Begg Jason Smythe Leodevico L. Ilag Richard S. Weisinger Barry Kitchen Markandeya Jois |
| author_sort | Matthew Flavel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Energy-dense diets have been implicated as a driving force in the global obesity crisis. Sucrose derived from sugar cane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i>) is a carbohydrate source at the centre of this discussion. However, sugar cane is a complex plant containing a wide variety of phytochemicals that may have anti-obesity properties. The objective of this study was to assess if polyphenols extracted from sugar cane were capable of mitigating the progression of diet-induced obesity. Methods: Forty-five male, six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into groups of 15 and fed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with 0%, 2% or 4% polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) for twelve weeks. Body weight, food intake, water intake and faecal content were measured in addition to dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) of the mice. Gene expression was also assessed for a range of key metabolic pathways in both blood and tissue samples in order to determine PRSE’s potential mechanisms of action. Data was analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc statistical methods. Results: Mice fed 4% PRSE were found to have a significantly lower overall bodyweight and adipose tissue accumulation compared to control (0%). This finding was supported by a reduced plasma leptin concentration and an increased excretion of carbohydrates. Upregulated gene transcriptions of adiponectin, PPARγ, PPARα, UCP2 and fatty acid synthase mRNAs were also observed. Conclusions: These results indicate that reduced carbohydrate absorption is the primary mechanism leading to the reduction of body weight in mice fed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. This is predominately supported by the detection of increased carbohydrate concentration in the faeces of mice that lost weight. Other potential mechanisms, such as feed intake and energy expenditure, did not show significant differences between groups and are less likely to be involved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:46:35Z |
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| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:46:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-240a8ddabcbe43219b769c1da3b5bca02023-11-21T22:32:05ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-06-011111516310.3390/app11115163Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate DietMatthew Flavel0Timothy P. Ellis1Lauren Stahl2Denovan Begg3Jason Smythe4Leodevico L. Ilag5Richard S. Weisinger6Barry Kitchen7Markandeya Jois8TPM Bioactives Division, The Product Makers Pty. Ltd., Melbourne 3173, AustraliaSynfinity Bio Pty. Ltd., Glen Waverley, Melbourne 3150, AustraliaCounselling and Wellness, New York University Sydney, Sydney 2000, AustraliaDepartment of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, AustraliaMonash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, AustraliaXerion Limited, Brighton, Melbourne 3186, AustraliaSchool of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, AustraliaTPM Bioactives Division, The Product Makers Pty. Ltd., Melbourne 3173, AustraliaSchool of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, AustraliaBackground: Energy-dense diets have been implicated as a driving force in the global obesity crisis. Sucrose derived from sugar cane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i>) is a carbohydrate source at the centre of this discussion. However, sugar cane is a complex plant containing a wide variety of phytochemicals that may have anti-obesity properties. The objective of this study was to assess if polyphenols extracted from sugar cane were capable of mitigating the progression of diet-induced obesity. Methods: Forty-five male, six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into groups of 15 and fed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with 0%, 2% or 4% polyphenol-rich sugarcane extract (PRSE) for twelve weeks. Body weight, food intake, water intake and faecal content were measured in addition to dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) of the mice. Gene expression was also assessed for a range of key metabolic pathways in both blood and tissue samples in order to determine PRSE’s potential mechanisms of action. Data was analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc statistical methods. Results: Mice fed 4% PRSE were found to have a significantly lower overall bodyweight and adipose tissue accumulation compared to control (0%). This finding was supported by a reduced plasma leptin concentration and an increased excretion of carbohydrates. Upregulated gene transcriptions of adiponectin, PPARγ, PPARα, UCP2 and fatty acid synthase mRNAs were also observed. Conclusions: These results indicate that reduced carbohydrate absorption is the primary mechanism leading to the reduction of body weight in mice fed a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. This is predominately supported by the detection of increased carbohydrate concentration in the faeces of mice that lost weight. Other potential mechanisms, such as feed intake and energy expenditure, did not show significant differences between groups and are less likely to be involved.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/11/5163polyphenolssugarcaneobesity |
| spellingShingle | Matthew Flavel Timothy P. Ellis Lauren Stahl Denovan Begg Jason Smythe Leodevico L. Ilag Richard S. Weisinger Barry Kitchen Markandeya Jois Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet Applied Sciences polyphenols sugarcane obesity |
| title | Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet |
| title_full | Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet |
| title_fullStr | Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet |
| title_short | Polyphenol Rich Sugarcane Extract Reduces Body Weight in C57/BL6J Mice Fed a High Fat, High Carbohydrate Diet |
| title_sort | polyphenol rich sugarcane extract reduces body weight in c57 bl6j mice fed a high fat high carbohydrate diet |
| topic | polyphenols sugarcane obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/11/5163 |
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