The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex
Intracortical facilitation (ICF) is a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measurement used to quantify interneuron activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy populations and motor disorders. Due to the prevalence of the technique, most of the stimulation parameters to opti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/11/1278 |
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| author | Milan Pantovic Rhett Boss Kevin J. Noorda Mario I. Premyanov Daniel G. Aynlender Erik W. Wilkins Sage Boss Zachary A. Riley Brach Poston |
| author_facet | Milan Pantovic Rhett Boss Kevin J. Noorda Mario I. Premyanov Daniel G. Aynlender Erik W. Wilkins Sage Boss Zachary A. Riley Brach Poston |
| author_sort | Milan Pantovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intracortical facilitation (ICF) is a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measurement used to quantify interneuron activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy populations and motor disorders. Due to the prevalence of the technique, most of the stimulation parameters to optimize ICF quantification have been established. However, the underappreciated methodological issue of the time between ICF trials (inter-trial interval; ITI) has been unstandardized, and different ITIs have never been compared in a paired-pulse TMS study. This is important because single-pulse TMS studies have found motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude reductions over time during TMS trial blocks for short, but not long ITIs. The primary purpose was to determine the influence of different ITIs on the measurement of ICF. Twenty adults completed one experimental session that involved 4 separate ICF trial blocks with each utilizing a different ITI (4, 6, 8, and 10 s). Two-way ANOVAs indicated no significant ITI main effects for test MEP amplitudes, condition-test MEP amplitudes, and therefore ICF. Accordingly, all ITIs studied provided nearly identical ICF values when averaged over entire trial blocks. Therefore, it is recommended that ITIs of 4–6 s be utilized for ICF quantification to optimize participant comfort and experiment time efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:00:17Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:00:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-242274308ccf4acba3f151f41e8968312023-11-24T14:29:47ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-11-011011127810.3390/bioengineering10111278The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor CortexMilan Pantovic0Rhett Boss1Kevin J. Noorda2Mario I. Premyanov3Daniel G. Aynlender4Erik W. Wilkins5Sage Boss6Zachary A. Riley7Brach Poston8Health and Human Performance Department, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USASchool of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USASchool of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USASchool of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USASchool of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USASchool of Life Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USADepartment of Kinesiology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USAIntracortical facilitation (ICF) is a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measurement used to quantify interneuron activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy populations and motor disorders. Due to the prevalence of the technique, most of the stimulation parameters to optimize ICF quantification have been established. However, the underappreciated methodological issue of the time between ICF trials (inter-trial interval; ITI) has been unstandardized, and different ITIs have never been compared in a paired-pulse TMS study. This is important because single-pulse TMS studies have found motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude reductions over time during TMS trial blocks for short, but not long ITIs. The primary purpose was to determine the influence of different ITIs on the measurement of ICF. Twenty adults completed one experimental session that involved 4 separate ICF trial blocks with each utilizing a different ITI (4, 6, 8, and 10 s). Two-way ANOVAs indicated no significant ITI main effects for test MEP amplitudes, condition-test MEP amplitudes, and therefore ICF. Accordingly, all ITIs studied provided nearly identical ICF values when averaged over entire trial blocks. Therefore, it is recommended that ITIs of 4–6 s be utilized for ICF quantification to optimize participant comfort and experiment time efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/11/1278transcranial magnetic stimulationmotor evoked potentialintracortical facilitationshort-interval intracortical inhibitionelectromyography |
| spellingShingle | Milan Pantovic Rhett Boss Kevin J. Noorda Mario I. Premyanov Daniel G. Aynlender Erik W. Wilkins Sage Boss Zachary A. Riley Brach Poston The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex Bioengineering transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential intracortical facilitation short-interval intracortical inhibition electromyography |
| title | The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex |
| title_full | The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex |
| title_short | The Influence of Different Inter-Trial Intervals on the Quantification of Intracortical Facilitation in the Primary Motor Cortex |
| title_sort | influence of different inter trial intervals on the quantification of intracortical facilitation in the primary motor cortex |
| topic | transcranial magnetic stimulation motor evoked potential intracortical facilitation short-interval intracortical inhibition electromyography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/11/1278 |
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