Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast
Aimed at the explanation of clear tidal signal and storm surge signals in a closed inland lake near the coast (the Huguangyan Lake), this work uses a combined approach with observations and model experiments. Huguangyan Lake is a closed inland freshwater coneless volcanic crater lake near the coast...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/5/485 |
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| author | Mingming Li Chunyan Li Lingling Xie Wei Huang Quanan Zheng Keyi Tan Yingbin Hong |
| author_facet | Mingming Li Chunyan Li Lingling Xie Wei Huang Quanan Zheng Keyi Tan Yingbin Hong |
| author_sort | Mingming Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aimed at the explanation of clear tidal signal and storm surge signals in a closed inland lake near the coast (the Huguangyan Lake), this work uses a combined approach with observations and model experiments. Huguangyan Lake is a closed inland freshwater coneless volcanic crater lake near the coast in tropical southern China, less than 5 km from an estuary. It has a diameter of about 1.5 km and relatively deep water of up to 20 m. Bottom pressure was measured from an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) for 10 days in September 2018 and 10 days in January 2019. The observations encompass the period of Typhoon Mangkhut, which passed the region when it made its landfall. The time series demonstrate clear tidal and subtidal signals. The tidal signal remains even if we exclude the barometric pressure effect. Interestingly, the lake has no surface connection with the ocean. The astronomical tide has an amplitude of about 2 cm. The major tidal signals include the principal solar semidiurnal (S2) and lunisolar (K1) constituents. During the passage of Typhoon Mangkhut, the water level variability inside the lake increased by an order of magnitude (>0.3 m). To examine whether the lake water level change was due to the natural oscillations inside the lake (or seiche), a numerical wind-driven hydrodynamics model was designed using the 3-D Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). The results show that a small first-order seiche can be generated, but only with a time scale of minutes and with a magnitude much smaller than the observed surface elevation changes. This excludes any measurable seiche and the observed surface elevation change inside the lake cannot be wind-driven. Moreover, tides inside the lake are not generated by tidal potential, as the lake is too small for having a locally generated tide. The main result of our study has therefore excluded the local tidal-generating force, wind-driven seiche, and barometric effect, as possible causes of the lake oscillation which has tidal and subtidal signals. The subtidal variation is at least one order of magnitude greater than tides inside the lake and is caused by weather-induced overall coastal ocean water level oscillations transmitted into the lake through groundwater connection. All these lead to the major conclusion that the lake is connected to the coastal ocean through groundwater. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:47:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-2424666bbab64f45bf5f8a5cfba4177f2023-11-21T17:56:27ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122021-04-019548510.3390/jmse9050485Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the CoastMingming Li0Chunyan Li1Lingling Xie2Wei Huang3Quanan Zheng4Keyi Tan5Yingbin Hong6Marine Resources Big Data Center of South China Sea, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Oceanography and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 534088, ChinaDepartment of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USAMarine Resources Big Data Center of South China Sea, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Oceanography and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 534088, ChinaVirginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USADepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USAMarine Resources Big Data Center of South China Sea, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, College of Oceanography and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 534088, ChinaZhuhai Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station (SOA) of State Oceanic Administration, South China Sea Bureau of Ministry of Natural Resources, Zhuhai 519000, ChinaAimed at the explanation of clear tidal signal and storm surge signals in a closed inland lake near the coast (the Huguangyan Lake), this work uses a combined approach with observations and model experiments. Huguangyan Lake is a closed inland freshwater coneless volcanic crater lake near the coast in tropical southern China, less than 5 km from an estuary. It has a diameter of about 1.5 km and relatively deep water of up to 20 m. Bottom pressure was measured from an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) for 10 days in September 2018 and 10 days in January 2019. The observations encompass the period of Typhoon Mangkhut, which passed the region when it made its landfall. The time series demonstrate clear tidal and subtidal signals. The tidal signal remains even if we exclude the barometric pressure effect. Interestingly, the lake has no surface connection with the ocean. The astronomical tide has an amplitude of about 2 cm. The major tidal signals include the principal solar semidiurnal (S2) and lunisolar (K1) constituents. During the passage of Typhoon Mangkhut, the water level variability inside the lake increased by an order of magnitude (>0.3 m). To examine whether the lake water level change was due to the natural oscillations inside the lake (or seiche), a numerical wind-driven hydrodynamics model was designed using the 3-D Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). The results show that a small first-order seiche can be generated, but only with a time scale of minutes and with a magnitude much smaller than the observed surface elevation changes. This excludes any measurable seiche and the observed surface elevation change inside the lake cannot be wind-driven. Moreover, tides inside the lake are not generated by tidal potential, as the lake is too small for having a locally generated tide. The main result of our study has therefore excluded the local tidal-generating force, wind-driven seiche, and barometric effect, as possible causes of the lake oscillation which has tidal and subtidal signals. The subtidal variation is at least one order of magnitude greater than tides inside the lake and is caused by weather-induced overall coastal ocean water level oscillations transmitted into the lake through groundwater connection. All these lead to the major conclusion that the lake is connected to the coastal ocean through groundwater.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/5/485freshwater maar laketide and storm surgeeffect of typhoonTyphoon MangkhutobservationsFVCOM simulation |
| spellingShingle | Mingming Li Chunyan Li Lingling Xie Wei Huang Quanan Zheng Keyi Tan Yingbin Hong Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast Journal of Marine Science and Engineering freshwater maar lake tide and storm surge effect of typhoon Typhoon Mangkhut observations FVCOM simulation |
| title | Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast |
| title_full | Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast |
| title_fullStr | Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast |
| title_full_unstemmed | Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast |
| title_short | Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge Signals Observed in an Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near the Coast |
| title_sort | astronomical tide and storm surge signals observed in an isolated inland maar lake near the coast |
| topic | freshwater maar lake tide and storm surge effect of typhoon Typhoon Mangkhut observations FVCOM simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/5/485 |
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