Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have demonstrated numerous physicochemical, biological, and functional properties suitable for biomedical applications, including antibacterial and drug carrier properties. In the present study, the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), was loaded onto AgNPs, which were synth...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/16/2808 |
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| author | Duaa R. Ibraheem Nehia N. Hussein Ghassan M. Sulaiman Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Osamah Al Rugaie |
| author_facet | Duaa R. Ibraheem Nehia N. Hussein Ghassan M. Sulaiman Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Osamah Al Rugaie |
| author_sort | Duaa R. Ibraheem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have demonstrated numerous physicochemical, biological, and functional properties suitable for biomedical applications, including antibacterial and drug carrier properties. In the present study, the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), was loaded onto AgNPs, which were synthesized via the chemical reduction method, thereby enhancing CIP’s antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Serratia marcescens</i>) and Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) bacterial strains. Polyethylene glycol–400 (PEG) was used to prepare an AgNPs-PEG conjugate with enhanced stability and to act as the linker between CIP and AgNPs, to produce the novel nanocomposite, AgNPs-PEG-CIP. The prepared AgNPs and their conjugates were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis, and dynamic light scattering techniques. The inhibitory activity of AgNPs and their conjugates on the growths of pathogenic bacteria was assessed using the well-diffusion method. The results showed the enhanced antibacterial effects of AgNPs-CIP compared to CIP alone. The AgNPs-PEG-CIP nanocomposite showed excellent inhibitory effects against bacterial isolates, with its inhibition zones diameters reaching 39, 36, and 40 mm in <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>A. baumannii</i>, and <i>S. marcescens</i>, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of fogNPs and their conjugates and their antibiofilm effects were also determined. The antioxidant potentials of AgNPs and their conjugates, tested via their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability, showed that the activity increased with increasing AgNPs concentration and the addition of the PEG and/or CIP. Overall, according to the results obtained in the present study, the new nanocomposite, AgNPs-PEG-CIP, showed the highest antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity against the pathogenic bacteria tested, compared to CIP alone. The preparation has high clinical potential for prospective use as an antibacterial agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:50:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-242c1d61cc6943cc8028fb822e7b13be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:50:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-242c1d61cc6943cc8028fb822e7b13be2023-12-02T00:06:14ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-08-011216280810.3390/nano12162808Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic BacteriaDuaa R. Ibraheem0Nehia N. Hussein1Ghassan M. Sulaiman2Hamdoon A. Mohammed3Riaz A. Khan4Osamah Al Rugaie5Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, IraqDivision of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, IraqDivision of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, IraqDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi ArabiaSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have demonstrated numerous physicochemical, biological, and functional properties suitable for biomedical applications, including antibacterial and drug carrier properties. In the present study, the antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), was loaded onto AgNPs, which were synthesized via the chemical reduction method, thereby enhancing CIP’s antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Serratia marcescens</i>) and Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) bacterial strains. Polyethylene glycol–400 (PEG) was used to prepare an AgNPs-PEG conjugate with enhanced stability and to act as the linker between CIP and AgNPs, to produce the novel nanocomposite, AgNPs-PEG-CIP. The prepared AgNPs and their conjugates were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis, and dynamic light scattering techniques. The inhibitory activity of AgNPs and their conjugates on the growths of pathogenic bacteria was assessed using the well-diffusion method. The results showed the enhanced antibacterial effects of AgNPs-CIP compared to CIP alone. The AgNPs-PEG-CIP nanocomposite showed excellent inhibitory effects against bacterial isolates, with its inhibition zones diameters reaching 39, 36, and 40 mm in <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>A. baumannii</i>, and <i>S. marcescens</i>, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of fogNPs and their conjugates and their antibiofilm effects were also determined. The antioxidant potentials of AgNPs and their conjugates, tested via their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging ability, showed that the activity increased with increasing AgNPs concentration and the addition of the PEG and/or CIP. Overall, according to the results obtained in the present study, the new nanocomposite, AgNPs-PEG-CIP, showed the highest antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity against the pathogenic bacteria tested, compared to CIP alone. The preparation has high clinical potential for prospective use as an antibacterial agent.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/16/2808ciprofloxacinPEGsilver nanoparticlesnanocompositeantioxidantpathogenic bacteria |
| spellingShingle | Duaa R. Ibraheem Nehia N. Hussein Ghassan M. Sulaiman Hamdoon A. Mohammed Riaz A. Khan Osamah Al Rugaie Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria Nanomaterials ciprofloxacin PEG silver nanoparticles nanocomposite antioxidant pathogenic bacteria |
| title | Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria |
| title_full | Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria |
| title_short | Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Nano-Antibiotics against Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria |
| title_sort | ciprofloxacin loaded silver nanoparticles as potent nano antibiotics against resistant pathogenic bacteria |
| topic | ciprofloxacin PEG silver nanoparticles nanocomposite antioxidant pathogenic bacteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/16/2808 |
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