Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that threatens the health of humans and animals. The spread of resistance among species may occur through our shared environment. Prevention of AMR requires integrated monitoring systems, and these systems must account for the presence of AMR...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/728 |
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| author | John E. Ekakoro Lynn F. Guptill G. Kenitra Hendrix Lauren Dorsey Audrey Ruple |
| author_facet | John E. Ekakoro Lynn F. Guptill G. Kenitra Hendrix Lauren Dorsey Audrey Ruple |
| author_sort | John E. Ekakoro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that threatens the health of humans and animals. The spread of resistance among species may occur through our shared environment. Prevention of AMR requires integrated monitoring systems, and these systems must account for the presence of AMR in the environment in order to be effective. The purpose of this study was to establish and pilot a set of procedures for utilizing freshwater mussels as a means of surveillance for microbes with AMR in Indiana waterways. One hundred and eighty freshwater mussels were sampled from three sites along the Wildcat Creek watershed in north-central Indiana. Specimens were evaluated for the presence of ESKAPE pathogens (<i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i> species), <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> species, and the isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were obtained from tissue homogenates of freshwater mussels collected at a site directly downstream from Kokomo, Indiana. Of these, 17 were <i>Enterobacter</i> spp., five were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, one was <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and one was <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. All isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobial drug classes. Further work is necessary to determine the source of the bacterial species found in the mussels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:17:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-243ab3b06d714a5dbb40ad8400204b2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:17:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-243ab3b06d714a5dbb40ad8400204b2d2023-11-17T18:03:09ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-04-0112472810.3390/antibiotics12040728Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United StatesJohn E. Ekakoro0Lynn F. Guptill1G. Kenitra Hendrix2Lauren Dorsey3Audrey Ruple4Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USADepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Comparative Pathobiology/Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USADepartment of Population Health Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USAAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis that threatens the health of humans and animals. The spread of resistance among species may occur through our shared environment. Prevention of AMR requires integrated monitoring systems, and these systems must account for the presence of AMR in the environment in order to be effective. The purpose of this study was to establish and pilot a set of procedures for utilizing freshwater mussels as a means of surveillance for microbes with AMR in Indiana waterways. One hundred and eighty freshwater mussels were sampled from three sites along the Wildcat Creek watershed in north-central Indiana. Specimens were evaluated for the presence of ESKAPE pathogens (<i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Enterobacter</i> species), <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> species, and the isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance. A total of 24 bacterial isolates were obtained from tissue homogenates of freshwater mussels collected at a site directly downstream from Kokomo, Indiana. Of these, 17 were <i>Enterobacter</i> spp., five were <i>Escherichia coli</i>, one was <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and one was <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. All isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobial drug classes. Further work is necessary to determine the source of the bacterial species found in the mussels.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/728antimicrobial resistancebacterial cultureantimicrobial susceptibility testingfreshwater mussels |
| spellingShingle | John E. Ekakoro Lynn F. Guptill G. Kenitra Hendrix Lauren Dorsey Audrey Ruple Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States Antibiotics antimicrobial resistance bacterial culture antimicrobial susceptibility testing freshwater mussels |
| title | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteria Isolated from Freshwater Mussels in the Wildcat Creek Watershed, Indiana, United States |
| title_sort | antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from freshwater mussels in the wildcat creek watershed indiana united states |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance bacterial culture antimicrobial susceptibility testing freshwater mussels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/728 |
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