Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy
The worldwide burden of cancers is increasing at a very high rate, including the aggressive and resistant forms of cancers. Certain levels of breakthrough have been achieved with the conventional treatment methods being used to treat different forms of cancers, but with some limitations. These limit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1082797/full |
| _version_ | 1811300794613366784 |
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| author | Richard Kolade Omole Richard Kolade Omole Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Millicent Tambari Akere Joseph Eniafe Elizabeth Oladoyin Agboluaje Oluwafemi Bamidele Daramola Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Temiloluwa Ifeoluwa Omotade Nkem Torimiro Modupe Stella Ayilara Oluwole Isaac Adeyemi Olubusola Sajanat Salinsile |
| author_facet | Richard Kolade Omole Richard Kolade Omole Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Millicent Tambari Akere Joseph Eniafe Elizabeth Oladoyin Agboluaje Oluwafemi Bamidele Daramola Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Temiloluwa Ifeoluwa Omotade Nkem Torimiro Modupe Stella Ayilara Oluwole Isaac Adeyemi Olubusola Sajanat Salinsile |
| author_sort | Richard Kolade Omole |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The worldwide burden of cancers is increasing at a very high rate, including the aggressive and resistant forms of cancers. Certain levels of breakthrough have been achieved with the conventional treatment methods being used to treat different forms of cancers, but with some limitations. These limitations include hazardous side effects, destruction of non-tumor healthy cells that are rapidly dividing and developing, tumor resistance to anti-cancer drugs, damage to tissues and organs, and so on. However, oncolytic viruses have emerged as a worthwhile immunotherapeutic option for the treatment of different types of cancers. In this treatment approach, oncolytic viruses are being modeled to target cancer cells with optimum cytotoxicity and spare normal cells with optimal safety, without the oncolytic viruses themselves being killed by the host immune defense system. Oncolytic viral infection of the cancer cells are also being genetically manipulated (either by removal or addition of certain genes into the oncolytic virus genome) to make the tumor more visible and available for attack by the host immune cells. Hence, different variants of these viruses are being developed to optimize their antitumor effects. In this review, we examined how grave the burden of cancer is on a global level, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, major conventional therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer and their individual drawbacks. We discussed the mechanisms of action employed by these oncolytic viruses and different viruses that have found their relevance in the fight against various forms of cancers. Some pre-clinical and clinical trials that involve oncolytic viruses in cancer management were reported. This review also examined the toxicity and safety concerns surrounding the adoption of oncolytic viro-immunotherapy for the treatment of cancers and the likely future directions for researchers and general audience who wants updated information. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:57:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-243f74741c66403d8475e04ab8d62a96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:57:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-243f74741c66403d8475e04ab8d62a962022-12-22T02:57:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122022-12-011310.3389/fphar.2022.10827971082797Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapyRichard Kolade Omole0Richard Kolade Omole1Oluwaseyi Oluwatola2Oluwaseyi Oluwatola3Millicent Tambari Akere4Joseph Eniafe5Elizabeth Oladoyin Agboluaje6Oluwafemi Bamidele Daramola7Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji8Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji9Temiloluwa Ifeoluwa Omotade10Nkem Torimiro11Modupe Stella Ayilara12Oluwole Isaac Adeyemi13Olubusola Sajanat Salinsile14Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaMicrobiology Unit, Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke, NigeriaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Immunology, Moffit Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United StatesDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaAdvanced Space Technology Applications Laboratory, Cooperative Information Network, National Space Research and Development Agency, Ile-Ife, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaFood Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa0Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaMicrobiology Unit, Department of Applied Sciences, Osun State College of Technology, Esa-Oke, NigeriaThe worldwide burden of cancers is increasing at a very high rate, including the aggressive and resistant forms of cancers. Certain levels of breakthrough have been achieved with the conventional treatment methods being used to treat different forms of cancers, but with some limitations. These limitations include hazardous side effects, destruction of non-tumor healthy cells that are rapidly dividing and developing, tumor resistance to anti-cancer drugs, damage to tissues and organs, and so on. However, oncolytic viruses have emerged as a worthwhile immunotherapeutic option for the treatment of different types of cancers. In this treatment approach, oncolytic viruses are being modeled to target cancer cells with optimum cytotoxicity and spare normal cells with optimal safety, without the oncolytic viruses themselves being killed by the host immune defense system. Oncolytic viral infection of the cancer cells are also being genetically manipulated (either by removal or addition of certain genes into the oncolytic virus genome) to make the tumor more visible and available for attack by the host immune cells. Hence, different variants of these viruses are being developed to optimize their antitumor effects. In this review, we examined how grave the burden of cancer is on a global level, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, major conventional therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer and their individual drawbacks. We discussed the mechanisms of action employed by these oncolytic viruses and different viruses that have found their relevance in the fight against various forms of cancers. Some pre-clinical and clinical trials that involve oncolytic viruses in cancer management were reported. This review also examined the toxicity and safety concerns surrounding the adoption of oncolytic viro-immunotherapy for the treatment of cancers and the likely future directions for researchers and general audience who wants updated information.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1082797/fullcancerviro-immunotherapyoncolytic virustumor microenvironmenttreatmentanti-cancer |
| spellingShingle | Richard Kolade Omole Richard Kolade Omole Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Oluwaseyi Oluwatola Millicent Tambari Akere Joseph Eniafe Elizabeth Oladoyin Agboluaje Oluwafemi Bamidele Daramola Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Yemisi Juliet Ayantunji Temiloluwa Ifeoluwa Omotade Nkem Torimiro Modupe Stella Ayilara Oluwole Isaac Adeyemi Olubusola Sajanat Salinsile Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy Frontiers in Pharmacology cancer viro-immunotherapy oncolytic virus tumor microenvironment treatment anti-cancer |
| title | Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full | Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| title_short | Comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| title_sort | comprehensive assessment on the applications of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | cancer viro-immunotherapy oncolytic virus tumor microenvironment treatment anti-cancer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1082797/full |
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