Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide but has been primarily recognised as a man’s disease. The major components of CVD are ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Compared with IHD or stroke, individuals with PAD are a...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Diagnostics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/808 |
| _version_ | 1797436110901608448 |
|---|---|
| author | Anna Louise Pouncey Mark Woodward |
| author_facet | Anna Louise Pouncey Mark Woodward |
| author_sort | Anna Louise Pouncey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide but has been primarily recognised as a man’s disease. The major components of CVD are ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Compared with IHD or stroke, individuals with PAD are at significantly greater risk of major cardiovascular events. Despite this, they are less likely to receive preventative treatment than those with IHD. Women are at least as affected by PAD as men, but major sex-specific knowledge gaps exist in the understanding of relevant CVD risk factors and efficacy of treatment. This prompted the American Heart Association to issue a “call to action” for PAD in women, in 2012. Despite this, PAD and CVD risk in women continues to be under-recognised, leading to a loss of opportunity to moderate and prevent CVD morbidity. This review outlines current evidence regarding cardiovascular risk in women and men with PAD, the relative significance of traditional and non-traditional risk factors and sex differences in cardiovascular risk management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:57:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-245a64d5e14147af962abd7d03cafbd8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:57:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-245a64d5e14147af962abd7d03cafbd82023-12-01T01:30:36ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-03-0112480810.3390/diagnostics12040808Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease PopulationAnna Louise Pouncey0Mark Woodward1Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, QEQM, St Mary’s Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UKThe George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UKCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide but has been primarily recognised as a man’s disease. The major components of CVD are ischaemic heart disease (IHD), stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Compared with IHD or stroke, individuals with PAD are at significantly greater risk of major cardiovascular events. Despite this, they are less likely to receive preventative treatment than those with IHD. Women are at least as affected by PAD as men, but major sex-specific knowledge gaps exist in the understanding of relevant CVD risk factors and efficacy of treatment. This prompted the American Heart Association to issue a “call to action” for PAD in women, in 2012. Despite this, PAD and CVD risk in women continues to be under-recognised, leading to a loss of opportunity to moderate and prevent CVD morbidity. This review outlines current evidence regarding cardiovascular risk in women and men with PAD, the relative significance of traditional and non-traditional risk factors and sex differences in cardiovascular risk management.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/808peripheral arterial diseasecardiovascular risksex |
| spellingShingle | Anna Louise Pouncey Mark Woodward Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population Diagnostics peripheral arterial disease cardiovascular risk sex |
| title | Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population |
| title_full | Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population |
| title_fullStr | Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population |
| title_short | Sex-Specific Differences in Cardiovascular Risk, Risk Factors and Risk Management in the Peripheral Arterial Disease Population |
| title_sort | sex specific differences in cardiovascular risk risk factors and risk management in the peripheral arterial disease population |
| topic | peripheral arterial disease cardiovascular risk sex |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/4/808 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annalouisepouncey sexspecificdifferencesincardiovascularriskriskfactorsandriskmanagementintheperipheralarterialdiseasepopulation AT markwoodward sexspecificdifferencesincardiovascularriskriskfactorsandriskmanagementintheperipheralarterialdiseasepopulation |