A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles
Transportation is the second-largest sector contributing to greenhouse gas emissions due to CO<sub>2</sub> gas generation from the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric vehicles (EVs) are believed to be a great solution to overcome this issue. EVs can reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6742 |
| _version_ | 1827679587139584000 |
|---|---|
| author | Muhammad Rizalul Wahid Bentang Arief Budiman Endra Joelianto Muhammad Aziz |
| author_facet | Muhammad Rizalul Wahid Bentang Arief Budiman Endra Joelianto Muhammad Aziz |
| author_sort | Muhammad Rizalul Wahid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Transportation is the second-largest sector contributing to greenhouse gas emissions due to CO<sub>2</sub> gas generation from the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric vehicles (EVs) are believed to be a great solution to overcome this issue. EVs can reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions because the vehicles use an electric motor as a propeller instead of an internal combustion engine. Combined with sustainable energy resources, EVs may become zero-emission transportation. This paper presents an overview of the EV drive train types, including their architecture with the benefits and drawbacks of each type. The aim is to summarize the recent progress of EV technology that always continues to be updated. Furthermore, a comparative investigation on energy density and efficiency, specific energy and power, cost, and application is carried out for batteries as the main energy storage. This discussion provides an understanding of the current development of battery technology, especially the batteries used in EVs. Moreover, the electric motor efficiency, power density, fault tolerance, reliability, and cost are also presented, including the most effective electric motor to use in EVs. The challenges and opportunities of EV deployment in the future are then discussed comprehensively. The government regulation for EVs is still a major non-technical challenge, whereas the charging time and battery performance are the challenges for the technical aspect. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:35:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24657923a51749aa8e51c8782155535e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:35:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-24657923a51749aa8e51c8782155535e2023-11-22T18:08:03ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-10-011420674210.3390/en14206742A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric VehiclesMuhammad Rizalul Wahid0Bentang Arief Budiman1Endra Joelianto2Muhammad Aziz3Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, IndonesiaNational Center for Sustainable Transportation Technology (NCSTT), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, IndonesiaFaculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, IndonesiaInstitute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, JapanTransportation is the second-largest sector contributing to greenhouse gas emissions due to CO<sub>2</sub> gas generation from the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric vehicles (EVs) are believed to be a great solution to overcome this issue. EVs can reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions because the vehicles use an electric motor as a propeller instead of an internal combustion engine. Combined with sustainable energy resources, EVs may become zero-emission transportation. This paper presents an overview of the EV drive train types, including their architecture with the benefits and drawbacks of each type. The aim is to summarize the recent progress of EV technology that always continues to be updated. Furthermore, a comparative investigation on energy density and efficiency, specific energy and power, cost, and application is carried out for batteries as the main energy storage. This discussion provides an understanding of the current development of battery technology, especially the batteries used in EVs. Moreover, the electric motor efficiency, power density, fault tolerance, reliability, and cost are also presented, including the most effective electric motor to use in EVs. The challenges and opportunities of EV deployment in the future are then discussed comprehensively. The government regulation for EVs is still a major non-technical challenge, whereas the charging time and battery performance are the challenges for the technical aspect.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6742electric vehiclestechnologypowertrainpassenger car |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Rizalul Wahid Bentang Arief Budiman Endra Joelianto Muhammad Aziz A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles Energies electric vehicles technology powertrain passenger car |
| title | A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles |
| title_full | A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles |
| title_fullStr | A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles |
| title_short | A Review on Drive Train Technologies for Passenger Electric Vehicles |
| title_sort | review on drive train technologies for passenger electric vehicles |
| topic | electric vehicles technology powertrain passenger car |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/20/6742 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadrizalulwahid areviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT bentangariefbudiman areviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT endrajoelianto areviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT muhammadaziz areviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT muhammadrizalulwahid reviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT bentangariefbudiman reviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT endrajoelianto reviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles AT muhammadaziz reviewondrivetraintechnologiesforpassengerelectricvehicles |