Sweat allergy
Sweat allergy is defined as a type I hypersensitivity against the contents of sweat, and is specifically observed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and cholinergic urticaria (CholU). The allergic reaction is clinically revealed by positive reactions in the intradermal skin test and the basophi...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2018-10-01
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| Series: | Allergology International |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1323893018300856 |
| _version_ | 1819053090844704768 |
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| author | Shunsuke Takahagi Akio Tanaka Michihiro Hide |
| author_facet | Shunsuke Takahagi Akio Tanaka Michihiro Hide |
| author_sort | Shunsuke Takahagi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sweat allergy is defined as a type I hypersensitivity against the contents of sweat, and is specifically observed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and cholinergic urticaria (CholU). The allergic reaction is clinically revealed by positive reactions in the intradermal skin test and the basophil histamine release assay by sweat. A major histamine-releasing antigen in sweat, MGL_1304, has been identified. MGL_1304 is produced at a size of 29 kDa by Malassezia (M.) globosa and secreted into sweat after being processed and converted into the mature form of 17 kDa. It induces significant histamine release from basophils of patients with AD and/or CholU with MGL_1304-specific IgE, which is detected in their sera. Patients with AD also show cross-reactivity to MGL_1304-homologs in Malassezia restricta and Malassezia sympodialis, but MGL_1304 does not share cross antigenicity with human intrinsic proteins. Malassezia or its components may penetrate the damaged epidermis of AD lesions and interact with the skin immune system, resulting in the sensitization and reaction to the fungal antigen. As well as the improvement of impaired barrier functions by topical interventions, approaches such as anti-microbial treatment, the induction of tolerance and antibody/substance neutralizing the sweat antigen may be beneficial for the patients with intractable AD or CholU due to sweat allergy. The identification of antigens other than MGL_1304 in sweat should be the scope for future studies, which may lead to better understanding of sweat allergy and therapeutic innovations. Keywords: Atopic dermatitis, Cholinergic urticaria, Malassezia, MGL_1304, Sweat |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:30:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2466340aafba4714a19ed9beba2b7ae9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1323-8930 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T12:30:12Z |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Allergology International |
| spelling | doaj.art-2466340aafba4714a19ed9beba2b7ae92022-12-21T19:04:03ZengElsevierAllergology International1323-89302018-10-01674435441Sweat allergyShunsuke Takahagi0Akio Tanaka1Michihiro Hide2Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, JapanCorresponding author.; Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, JapanSweat allergy is defined as a type I hypersensitivity against the contents of sweat, and is specifically observed in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and cholinergic urticaria (CholU). The allergic reaction is clinically revealed by positive reactions in the intradermal skin test and the basophil histamine release assay by sweat. A major histamine-releasing antigen in sweat, MGL_1304, has been identified. MGL_1304 is produced at a size of 29 kDa by Malassezia (M.) globosa and secreted into sweat after being processed and converted into the mature form of 17 kDa. It induces significant histamine release from basophils of patients with AD and/or CholU with MGL_1304-specific IgE, which is detected in their sera. Patients with AD also show cross-reactivity to MGL_1304-homologs in Malassezia restricta and Malassezia sympodialis, but MGL_1304 does not share cross antigenicity with human intrinsic proteins. Malassezia or its components may penetrate the damaged epidermis of AD lesions and interact with the skin immune system, resulting in the sensitization and reaction to the fungal antigen. As well as the improvement of impaired barrier functions by topical interventions, approaches such as anti-microbial treatment, the induction of tolerance and antibody/substance neutralizing the sweat antigen may be beneficial for the patients with intractable AD or CholU due to sweat allergy. The identification of antigens other than MGL_1304 in sweat should be the scope for future studies, which may lead to better understanding of sweat allergy and therapeutic innovations. Keywords: Atopic dermatitis, Cholinergic urticaria, Malassezia, MGL_1304, Sweathttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1323893018300856 |
| spellingShingle | Shunsuke Takahagi Akio Tanaka Michihiro Hide Sweat allergy Allergology International |
| title | Sweat allergy |
| title_full | Sweat allergy |
| title_fullStr | Sweat allergy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sweat allergy |
| title_short | Sweat allergy |
| title_sort | sweat allergy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1323893018300856 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shunsuketakahagi sweatallergy AT akiotanaka sweatallergy AT michihirohide sweatallergy |