Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract
A novel TiO2 nanoparticle was prepared through green synthesis using Calotropis gigantea (CG) leaf extract. Morphological analysis showed dispersed spherical CG-TiO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 42 nm. The prepared catalyst was used for the degradation of metformin (a widely used diabetic m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Water Science and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/83/5/1072 |
| _version_ | 1818839457668792320 |
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| author | Venkatesan Prashanth Kumari Priyanka Neelancherry Remya |
| author_facet | Venkatesan Prashanth Kumari Priyanka Neelancherry Remya |
| author_sort | Venkatesan Prashanth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel TiO2 nanoparticle was prepared through green synthesis using Calotropis gigantea (CG) leaf extract. Morphological analysis showed dispersed spherical CG-TiO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 42 nm. The prepared catalyst was used for the degradation of metformin (a widely used diabetic medicine) by solar photocatalysis. A three-factor central composite design (CCD) was used to explore the effect of independent variables, i.e., pH 3–7, metformin concentration 1–10 mg/L, and catalyst (CG-TiO2) dosage 0.5–2.0 g/L. A maximum metformin degradation of 96.7% was observed under optimum conditions i.e., pH = 9.7, initial metformin concentration = 9.7 mg/L and catalyst dosage = 0.7 g/L, with ∼86% mineralization efficiency. A quadratic model with an error <±5% was developed to predict the metformin degradation and the rate of degradation under the optimum conditions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.014/min). CG-TiO2 exhibited higher metformin degradation efficiency (96.7%) compared to P-25 (23.9%) at optimum conditions. The recyclability study indicated effective reuse of the catalyst for up to three cycles. The proposed metformin degradation route is hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation on the CG-TiO2 surface, transfer of •OH to the aqueous phase from CG-TiO2 and subsequent oxidation of metformin in the aqueous phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:54:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2466eccce5bc474891c07a9ef7f9a6fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T03:54:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Science and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-2466eccce5bc474891c07a9ef7f9a6fb2022-12-21T20:36:51ZengIWA PublishingWater Science and Technology0273-12231996-97322021-03-018351072108410.2166/wst.2021.040040Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extractVenkatesan Prashanth0Kumari Priyanka1Neelancherry Remya2 School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India A novel TiO2 nanoparticle was prepared through green synthesis using Calotropis gigantea (CG) leaf extract. Morphological analysis showed dispersed spherical CG-TiO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 42 nm. The prepared catalyst was used for the degradation of metformin (a widely used diabetic medicine) by solar photocatalysis. A three-factor central composite design (CCD) was used to explore the effect of independent variables, i.e., pH 3–7, metformin concentration 1–10 mg/L, and catalyst (CG-TiO2) dosage 0.5–2.0 g/L. A maximum metformin degradation of 96.7% was observed under optimum conditions i.e., pH = 9.7, initial metformin concentration = 9.7 mg/L and catalyst dosage = 0.7 g/L, with ∼86% mineralization efficiency. A quadratic model with an error <±5% was developed to predict the metformin degradation and the rate of degradation under the optimum conditions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.014/min). CG-TiO2 exhibited higher metformin degradation efficiency (96.7%) compared to P-25 (23.9%) at optimum conditions. The recyclability study indicated effective reuse of the catalyst for up to three cycles. The proposed metformin degradation route is hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation on the CG-TiO2 surface, transfer of •OH to the aqueous phase from CG-TiO2 and subsequent oxidation of metformin in the aqueous phase.http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/83/5/1072calotropis giganteacg-tio2green synthesismetforminoptimizationsolar photocatalysis |
| spellingShingle | Venkatesan Prashanth Kumari Priyanka Neelancherry Remya Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract Water Science and Technology calotropis gigantea cg-tio2 green synthesis metformin optimization solar photocatalysis |
| title | Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| title_full | Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| title_fullStr | Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| title_short | Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| title_sort | solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by tio2 synthesized using calotropis gigantea leaf extract |
| topic | calotropis gigantea cg-tio2 green synthesis metformin optimization solar photocatalysis |
| url | http://wst.iwaponline.com/content/83/5/1072 |
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