Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8
<i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> causes crown rot in wheat. This study aimed to assess the effects of the bacterial strain QTH8 isolated from <i>Cotinus coggygria</i> rhizosphere soil against <i>F. pseudograminearum</i>. Bacterial strain QTH8 was identified as &l...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/595 |
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| author | Shen Li Jianqiang Xu Liming Fu Guohui Xu Xiaomin Lin Junqing Qiao Yanfei Xia |
| author_facet | Shen Li Jianqiang Xu Liming Fu Guohui Xu Xiaomin Lin Junqing Qiao Yanfei Xia |
| author_sort | Shen Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> causes crown rot in wheat. This study aimed to assess the effects of the bacterial strain QTH8 isolated from <i>Cotinus coggygria</i> rhizosphere soil against <i>F. pseudograminearum</i>. Bacterial strain QTH8 was identified as <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> in accordance with the phenotypic traits and the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA and <i>gyrB</i> gene sequence. Culture filtrates of bacterial strain QTH8 inhibited the mycelial growth of <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> and resulted in mycelial malformation such as tumor formation, protoplast condensation, and mycelial fracture. In addition, bacterial strain QTH8 also inhibited the mycelial growth of <i>Hainesia lythri</i>, <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> sp., <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Curvularia lunata</i>, <i>Phyllosticta theaefolia</i>, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>, <i>Phytophthora nicotianae</i>, and <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>. The active compounds produced by bacterial strain QTH8 were resistant to pH, ultraviolet irradiation, and low temperature, and were relatively sensitive to high temperature. After 4 h exposure, culture filtrates of bacterial strain QTH8—when applied at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%—significantly reduced conidial germination of <i>F. pseudograminearum</i>. The coleoptile infection assay proved that bacterial strain QTH8 reduced the disease index of wheat crown rot. In vivo application of QTH8 to wheat seedlings decreased the disease index of wheat crown rot and increased root length, plant height, and fresh weight. Iturin, surfactin, and fengycin were detected in the culture extract of bacterial strain QTH8 by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Bacterial strain QTH8 was identified for the presence of the <i>ituC</i>, <i>bacA</i>, <i>bmyB</i>, <i>spaS</i>, <i>srfAB</i>, <i>fend</i>, and <i>srfAA</i> genes using the specific polymerase chain reaction primers. <i>B. halotolerans</i> QTH8 has a vital potential for the sustainable biocontrol of wheat crown rot. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:11:11Z |
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| id | doaj.art-246eba4c0e2c4f1184974d0e532c4372 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-246eba4c0e2c4f1184974d0e532c43722023-11-23T12:33:10ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-05-0111559510.3390/pathogens11050595Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8Shen Li0Jianqiang Xu1Liming Fu2Guohui Xu3Xiaomin Lin4Junqing Qiao5Yanfei Xia6Department of Forensic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin 541001, ChinaDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, ChinaDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, ChinaDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin 541001, ChinaDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, ChinaDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, 15 Lequn Road, Guilin 541001, China<i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> causes crown rot in wheat. This study aimed to assess the effects of the bacterial strain QTH8 isolated from <i>Cotinus coggygria</i> rhizosphere soil against <i>F. pseudograminearum</i>. Bacterial strain QTH8 was identified as <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> in accordance with the phenotypic traits and the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA and <i>gyrB</i> gene sequence. Culture filtrates of bacterial strain QTH8 inhibited the mycelial growth of <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> and resulted in mycelial malformation such as tumor formation, protoplast condensation, and mycelial fracture. In addition, bacterial strain QTH8 also inhibited the mycelial growth of <i>Hainesia lythri</i>, <i>Pestalotiopsis</i> sp., <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Curvularia lunata</i>, <i>Phyllosticta theaefolia</i>, <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>, <i>Phytophthora nicotianae</i>, and <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>. The active compounds produced by bacterial strain QTH8 were resistant to pH, ultraviolet irradiation, and low temperature, and were relatively sensitive to high temperature. After 4 h exposure, culture filtrates of bacterial strain QTH8—when applied at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%—significantly reduced conidial germination of <i>F. pseudograminearum</i>. The coleoptile infection assay proved that bacterial strain QTH8 reduced the disease index of wheat crown rot. In vivo application of QTH8 to wheat seedlings decreased the disease index of wheat crown rot and increased root length, plant height, and fresh weight. Iturin, surfactin, and fengycin were detected in the culture extract of bacterial strain QTH8 by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Bacterial strain QTH8 was identified for the presence of the <i>ituC</i>, <i>bacA</i>, <i>bmyB</i>, <i>spaS</i>, <i>srfAB</i>, <i>fend</i>, and <i>srfAA</i> genes using the specific polymerase chain reaction primers. <i>B. halotolerans</i> QTH8 has a vital potential for the sustainable biocontrol of wheat crown rot.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/595biocontrol<i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i><i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8culture filtrate |
| spellingShingle | Shen Li Jianqiang Xu Liming Fu Guohui Xu Xiaomin Lin Junqing Qiao Yanfei Xia Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 Pathogens biocontrol <i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 culture filtrate |
| title | Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 |
| title_full | Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 |
| title_fullStr | Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 |
| title_short | Biocontrol of Wheat Crown Rot Using <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 |
| title_sort | biocontrol of wheat crown rot using i bacillus halotolerans i qth8 |
| topic | biocontrol <i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> <i>Bacillus halotolerans</i> QTH8 culture filtrate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/5/595 |
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