Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan
Symptom overlap between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye (DE) makes it difficult to distinguish between these two conditions on the basis of symptoms alone. We searched for characteristic symptoms that might help to distinguish MGD from DE on the basis of a population-based study. Subje...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1715 |
| _version_ | 1797470435718201344 |
|---|---|
| author | Reiko Arita Takanori Mizoguchi Motoko Kawashima Shima Fukuoka Shizuka Koh Rika Shirakawa Takashi Suzuki Naoyuki Morishige |
| author_facet | Reiko Arita Takanori Mizoguchi Motoko Kawashima Shima Fukuoka Shizuka Koh Rika Shirakawa Takashi Suzuki Naoyuki Morishige |
| author_sort | Reiko Arita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Symptom overlap between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye (DE) makes it difficult to distinguish between these two conditions on the basis of symptoms alone. We searched for characteristic symptoms that might help to distinguish MGD from DE on the basis of a population-based study. Subjects comprised 311 residents of Takushima island (18 to 96 years), including 117 individuals with MGD and 114 with DE. Responses to a symptom-related questionnaire (19 items) were subjected to factor analysis, and univariate regression analysis was performed to identify ocular surface parameters associated with characteristic symptoms of MGD. Factor analysis revealed aggregation of symptoms according to three factors: Factor 1 related to Symptom Score, Factor 2 to DE, and Factor 3 to MGD. Symptoms associated with DE included 11 items, whereas the only item related to MGD was tearing sensation. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that tearing sensation was associated with tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear-film breakup time, fluorescein staining score, meiboscore, meibum grade, and Schirmer value. Subjects with MGD experienced significantly more tearing and had a larger TMH than did those without MGD (<i>p</i> = 0.0334). Tearing sensation may thus be a characteristic symptom of MGD. Physicians should suspect MGD who complain of tearing sensation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2487a6fb470645d2830049e022a26b29 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:36:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-2487a6fb470645d2830049e022a26b292023-11-24T01:51:23ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-03-01116171510.3390/jcm11061715Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in JapanReiko Arita0Takanori Mizoguchi1Motoko Kawashima2Shima Fukuoka3Shizuka Koh4Rika Shirakawa5Takashi Suzuki6Naoyuki Morishige7Lid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanLid and Meibomian Gland Working Group, 626-11 Minami-Nakano, Minumaku, Saitama 337-0042, JapanSymptom overlap between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye (DE) makes it difficult to distinguish between these two conditions on the basis of symptoms alone. We searched for characteristic symptoms that might help to distinguish MGD from DE on the basis of a population-based study. Subjects comprised 311 residents of Takushima island (18 to 96 years), including 117 individuals with MGD and 114 with DE. Responses to a symptom-related questionnaire (19 items) were subjected to factor analysis, and univariate regression analysis was performed to identify ocular surface parameters associated with characteristic symptoms of MGD. Factor analysis revealed aggregation of symptoms according to three factors: Factor 1 related to Symptom Score, Factor 2 to DE, and Factor 3 to MGD. Symptoms associated with DE included 11 items, whereas the only item related to MGD was tearing sensation. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that tearing sensation was associated with tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear-film breakup time, fluorescein staining score, meiboscore, meibum grade, and Schirmer value. Subjects with MGD experienced significantly more tearing and had a larger TMH than did those without MGD (<i>p</i> = 0.0334). Tearing sensation may thus be a characteristic symptom of MGD. Physicians should suspect MGD who complain of tearing sensation.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1715meibomian gland dysfunctiondry eyemeibomian glandocular symptompopulation-based studytearing sensation |
| spellingShingle | Reiko Arita Takanori Mizoguchi Motoko Kawashima Shima Fukuoka Shizuka Koh Rika Shirakawa Takashi Suzuki Naoyuki Morishige Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan Journal of Clinical Medicine meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye meibomian gland ocular symptom population-based study tearing sensation |
| title | Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan |
| title_full | Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan |
| title_fullStr | Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan |
| title_short | Exploratory Search for Characteristic Symptoms to Distinguish Meibomian Gland Dysfunction from Dry Eye in a Population-Based Study in Japan |
| title_sort | exploratory search for characteristic symptoms to distinguish meibomian gland dysfunction from dry eye in a population based study in japan |
| topic | meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye meibomian gland ocular symptom population-based study tearing sensation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/6/1715 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT reikoarita exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT takanorimizoguchi exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT motokokawashima exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT shimafukuoka exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT shizukakoh exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT rikashirakawa exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT takashisuzuki exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan AT naoyukimorishige exploratorysearchforcharacteristicsymptomstodistinguishmeibomianglanddysfunctionfromdryeyeinapopulationbasedstudyinjapan |