Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study
Background Simulation models have been applied to analyze daily living activities and some sports movements. However, it is unknown whether the current upper extremity musculoskeletal models can be utilized for investigating cue sports movements to generate corresponding kinematic and muscle activat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/16180.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827610458600767488 |
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| author | Jing Wen Pan Qichang Mei Justin Fernandez Hesheng Song John Komar Pui Wah Kong |
| author_facet | Jing Wen Pan Qichang Mei Justin Fernandez Hesheng Song John Komar Pui Wah Kong |
| author_sort | Jing Wen Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Simulation models have been applied to analyze daily living activities and some sports movements. However, it is unknown whether the current upper extremity musculoskeletal models can be utilized for investigating cue sports movements to generate corresponding kinematic and muscle activation profiles. This study aimed to test the feasibility of applying simulation models to investigate cue sports players’ cueing movements with OpenSim. Preliminary muscle forces would be calculated once the model is validated. Methods A previously customized and validated unimanual upper extremity musculoskeletal model with six degrees of freedom at the scapula, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, as well as muscles was used in this study. Two types of cueing movements were simulated: (1) the back spin shot, and (2) 9-ball break shot. Firstly, kinematic data of the upper extremity joints were collected with a 3D motion capture system. Using the experimental marker trajectories of the back spin shot on 10 male cue sports players, the simulation on the cueing movements was executed. The model was then validated by comparing the model-generated joint angles against the experimental results using statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) to examine the entire angle-time waveform as well as t-tests to compare the discrete variables (e.g., joint range of motion). Secondly, simulation of the break shot was run with the experimental marker trajectories and electromyographic (EMG) data of two male cue sports players as the model inputs. A model-estimated muscle activation calculation was performed accordingly for the upper extremity muscles. Results The OpenSim-generated joint angles for the back spin shot corresponded well with the experimental results for the elbow, while the model outputs of the shoulder deviated from the experimental data. The discrepancy in shoulder joint angles could be due to the insufficient kinematic inputs for the shoulder joint. In the break shot simulation, the preliminary findings suggested that great shoulder muscle forces could primarily contribute to the forward swing in a break shot. This suggests that strengthening the shoulder muscles may be a viable strategy to improve the break shot performance. Conclusion It is feasible to cater simulation modeling in OpenSim for biomechanical investigations of the upper extremity movements in cue sports. Model outputs can help better understand the contributions of individual muscle forces when performing cueing movements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:51:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24acea1cf0cd42288c877e0885406062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T07:51:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-24acea1cf0cd42288c877e08854060622023-12-03T01:39:24ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-10-0111e1618010.7717/peerj.16180Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation studyJing Wen Pan0Qichang Mei1Justin Fernandez2Hesheng Song3John Komar4Pui Wah Kong5Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeResearch Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, ChinaResearch Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, ChinaDepartment of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, ChinaPhysical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporePhysical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeBackground Simulation models have been applied to analyze daily living activities and some sports movements. However, it is unknown whether the current upper extremity musculoskeletal models can be utilized for investigating cue sports movements to generate corresponding kinematic and muscle activation profiles. This study aimed to test the feasibility of applying simulation models to investigate cue sports players’ cueing movements with OpenSim. Preliminary muscle forces would be calculated once the model is validated. Methods A previously customized and validated unimanual upper extremity musculoskeletal model with six degrees of freedom at the scapula, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, as well as muscles was used in this study. Two types of cueing movements were simulated: (1) the back spin shot, and (2) 9-ball break shot. Firstly, kinematic data of the upper extremity joints were collected with a 3D motion capture system. Using the experimental marker trajectories of the back spin shot on 10 male cue sports players, the simulation on the cueing movements was executed. The model was then validated by comparing the model-generated joint angles against the experimental results using statistical parametric mapping (SPM1D) to examine the entire angle-time waveform as well as t-tests to compare the discrete variables (e.g., joint range of motion). Secondly, simulation of the break shot was run with the experimental marker trajectories and electromyographic (EMG) data of two male cue sports players as the model inputs. A model-estimated muscle activation calculation was performed accordingly for the upper extremity muscles. Results The OpenSim-generated joint angles for the back spin shot corresponded well with the experimental results for the elbow, while the model outputs of the shoulder deviated from the experimental data. The discrepancy in shoulder joint angles could be due to the insufficient kinematic inputs for the shoulder joint. In the break shot simulation, the preliminary findings suggested that great shoulder muscle forces could primarily contribute to the forward swing in a break shot. This suggests that strengthening the shoulder muscles may be a viable strategy to improve the break shot performance. Conclusion It is feasible to cater simulation modeling in OpenSim for biomechanical investigations of the upper extremity movements in cue sports. Model outputs can help better understand the contributions of individual muscle forces when performing cueing movements.https://peerj.com/articles/16180.pdfOpenSimKinematicModelElectromyographyMuscle force |
| spellingShingle | Jing Wen Pan Qichang Mei Justin Fernandez Hesheng Song John Komar Pui Wah Kong Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study PeerJ OpenSim Kinematic Model Electromyography Muscle force |
| title | Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study |
| title_full | Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study |
| title_fullStr | Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study |
| title_short | Computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports: a validation study |
| title_sort | computer simulation on the cueing movements in cue sports a validation study |
| topic | OpenSim Kinematic Model Electromyography Muscle force |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/16180.pdf |
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